中国法的起源及其特征

<正> 在传说中的黄帝时代,属于东夷人集团的蚩尤部落,已经拥有八十一个氏族。他们凭借锐利兵器侵凌他族,横行天下,他们为了统一号令和奴役战败的异族,创制了五种残酷的刑罚,并把它们称为"法"。蚩尤部落的嫡系苗民在施行刑罚上采取了过于激烈的行动,即将五种刑罚广泛地施于内部,从而遭到普遍的抵制,并且削弱了自己的力量。黄帝部落战胜了蚩尤部落,建立了空前规模的部落联盟机构。《管子·五行》说:"黄帝得六相而天地治"。这"六相"分管兵、廪、士师、司徒、司马、李诸职,而蚩尤部的酋长虽被黄帝杀死,其部民却被吸收进来,蚩尤部仍主兵,他们创造的五种刑罚也被继承下来了。其实,"六相"不过是六个部落酋长,他们之间的分工被相对稳定地固定下来,这些"部落显贵"逐渐获得了"担任其他一切官职的独占权",并"世袭"下去。     

超高层建筑配气系统的研究

分析了超高层建筑配气系统设计应注意的问题.     

Genetic variation at nine STR loci in populations from the Philippines and Thailand living in Taiwan

In order to apply a set of nine STR loci and the amelogenin locus in forensic testing, we have performed a population study on individuals from the Philippines and Thailand living in Taiwan (273 Philippine and 146 Thai individuals were typed by commercially available kits and an automated sequencer). A total of 73 alleles for all systems for both populations could be observed in these two populations. No new intermediate fragments were found. Allele frequencies showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The mean exclusion power (MEP) ranged from 0.327 (TPOX) to 0.706 (FGA), the discriminating power (DP) ranged from 0.790 (TPOX) to 0.963 (FGA) for Philippinos, MEP ranged from 0.247 (TPOX) to 0.723 (FGA), DP ranged from 0.761 (TPOX) to 0.968 (FGA) for Thais, the combined MEP is > 0.9988 and the combined DP is > 0.9999999993 for both Philippinos and Thais.     

积累型家计模式下的代际关系、青年婚嫁逻辑与养老秩序——基于北京W村的驻村调研

目前学界对农村养老秩序的研究主要是在代际关系失衡与男性父母在"婚姻要价"中受挤压的框架内展开的。中国农村存在显著的地方性差异,不同地区农村的养老秩序也存在差异。本文以北京市W村的家庭关系为例,分析高积累家计模式对代际关系、婚姻圈以及家庭养老产生的影响。本文基于W村的驻村调研发现:多数家庭实现全员就业,形成高积累的家计模式;在高积累的家计模式下,子代在"婚姻圈"中处于优势地位,父代也可以实现"低龄自养";高龄老人依靠相对较高的农村养老金与经济积累实现经济自养,并通过多子间的轮养得到生活照料。在W村,代际之间的经济依赖程度弱,代际关系紧密而无压力。本文为农村代际关系、青年婚嫁逻辑与养老秩序的研究提供新的案例参考。     

涉警网络舆情的影响因素、风险评估与应对策略研究

随着互联网技术的快速发展和社交网络的普及,涉警网络舆情的形势越来越严峻。梳理涉警网络舆情的影响因素,运用熵权法、层次分析法和组合权重法进行分析,建立涉警网络舆情风险等级的评价预测模型,可以对涉警网络舆情的风险等级以及发展变化趋势进行评估和预测,有利于采取有针对性的应对策略,实现对涉警网络舆情的精准防控。     

新中国成立以来青年价值观的演进与发展

青年是社会发展中的个体,每一代青年都有自己的际遇和机缘.青年价值观总是适应不同时代变化特征,在不同历史阶段呈现出了不同特征.新中国成立初期,青年的价值观初步建构,集体主义与马克思信仰成为青年价值的新追求;改革开放后,青年不断觉醒与反思,在理性和现实激荡中确证自我价值:21世纪初期,经历了冲突与重塑后,青年价值观在多元化挑战中走向整合.进入新时代,青年不断自我调适与超越,其价值观在与社会共振中趋于进步与成熟,为实现"两个一百年"奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦贡献着青春的激情和力量.     

我国民法典视野下的数字内容瑕疵担保责任——基于欧盟背景下德国法的比较法考察

数字内容交易目前在全球数字化背景下蓬勃发展,其中,有关数字内容的瑕疵担保责任问题备受关注;立法上欧盟在新出台的《有关提供数字内容和服务的合同交易指令》中有三个条款对此作了专门规定,同时,德国也将此规定完全予以转化适用。基于现有欧盟背景下德国法有关数字内容瑕疵担保责任的比较分析,可知其不但能准确认定数字内容交易中的瑕疵形态与有效提供救济,而且有助于消费者保护。根据我国现有一般物之瑕疵担保规定并结合我国民法典编纂以及域外法经验,在解释论上,通过相关类案的比较分析,我国就此有借鉴适用的必要性;在立法论上,今后在我国《民法典》的解释与适用过程中,可先在《民法典(合同编)》司法解释中原则性地规定有关数字内容瑕疵担保责任,再另行制定具有针对性的单行法,从而有助于数字时代的我国消费者保护与数字经济发展。     

非洲猪瘟TaqMan实时荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立与应用

为建立检测非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)的快速诊断方法,本研究根据ASFV SY18株p17蛋白的编码基因D117L的保守序列设计并合成引物和探针,建立了基于ASFV p17蛋白的编码基因D117L的TaqMan荧光定量PCR检测方法,并验证其特异性、灵敏性和重复性。结果显示,本研究建立的TaqMan荧光定量PCR检测方法的C_t值与标准品在1×10^9~1×10^1copies/μL范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.998,斜率为-3.192,检测下限为10 copies/μL,且与其他能引起相似症状的猪源病毒无交叉反应。重复性试验结果显示,组间与组内变异系数均小于1.920 7%,重复性好。此方法可用于ASF的早期诊断和ASFV快速检测。     

The Heavenly Palace

Wang Yaping became China's first female spacewalker on November 7, when she took part in the Shenzhou-13 mission's first extravehicular activi-ties (EVAs), alongside mission commander Zhai Zhigang. The event was the third extravehicular mission conducted during the construction of the country's space station Tiangong, or Heavenly Palace. The Shenzhou-13 spaceship was launched on October 16, sending three astronauts on a six-month in-orbit mission to construct the space station.     

Translational criminology and its importance in policing: a review

ABSTRACT

Translational criminology is a decision-making perspective that emphasizes the dynamic coproduction of evidence by researchers and practitioners, focusing on obstacles to and facilitators of evidence generation and utilization. It incorporates several other data-driven decision-making models, including evidence-based policy making. This review suggests that the availability of empirical research is no longer the most significant impediment to evidence-based policing. Rather, translating and implementing knowledge about ‘what works‘ in policing has arisen as the field’s primary barrier to securing the effectiveness and efficiency improvements of research and data utilization. This article orients readers to translational criminology’s various components and explores their applications. Focusing on four central considerations, this review explores the roles of researcher practitioner partnerships, policy, technology, and government in developing and sustaining translational efforts in policing. The review concludes by acknowledging challenges to fostering a translational perspective in policing, and offers examples of where it has been applied with success.