The Influence of Personal Values on Legal Judgments

The non‐legal factors that influence judicial decisions have been the subject of extensive debate. Theoretical and empirical work has focused on factors including political ideology, activism, attitudes, and demographics. Personal values are related to these factors and are central to decision making. The study described in this article translated theories and techniques from psychological research to examine the role of personal values in judicial decision making. A novel method of assessment of value expression in legal opinions revealed a different pattern of values expressed in the majority and minority opinions of a case that divided the Supreme Court. An empirical study of legal academics extended this analysis and highlighted the significant influence of personal values on legal decisions. The value:decision paradigm provides a new framework to analyse judicial decision making, judicial division, and judicial discretion and has significant implications for judicial diversity.     

骗取贷款罪的若干问题

骗取贷款罪是在贷款诈骗罪的基础上取消非法占有目的这一主观要件,给予银行等金融机构特别保护而设立的罪名.在司法实践中,该罪名有被扩大解释、降低门槛而被过度适用的问题,一些本不应由刑法调整的贷款纠纷也被认定成立本罪.本文试从骗取贷款罪的犯罪构成要件中的欺骗手段、犯罪对象、造成的后果以及骗取贷款罪是否能通过犯意转化成立贷款诈骗罪等其他犯罪或数罪四个方面,并结合部分案例,对骗取贷款罪进行深入分析和研究.     

高校学术同行评议利益冲突:类型、根源与规避

利益冲突问题是影响高校学术同行评议公信力的重要因素.高校学术同行评议按不同标准划分呈现出多样化的表现形态,而根据利益冲突来源划分的6种类型对利益冲突的治理最具有针对性的指导意义.高校学术同行评议利益冲突的产生根源包括社会、经济、文化、制度等四个层面.因此,防范与规避高校学术同行评议利益冲突,不仅要建设自主性、生态化高校学术共同体,提升评议专家的学术诚信品质和职业伦理水平,还要培育非功利性、学术为本的高校文化,并构建与完善高校学术同行评议制度.     

Unmanned Vessels Set Sail

For Figo Zhang, an entrepreneur in his 30s, April 16 is a memorable day. On that day 11 years ago, the unmanned surface vessel (USV) he dreamed of building set sail from Zhuhai, a coastal city in Guangdong Province. Zhuhai Yunzhou Intelligence Technology Co. Ltd., a company founded by Zhang, is China's first domestic producer of USVs. Starting from scratch, it has filled a vacuum in China's USV market over the past decade. The company's research and de-velopment team has developed a number of core and key USV technologies and obtained more than 390 patents. It also participated in the compilation of all nine existing industrial standards for USVs in China.     

Portable high‐resolution automated 3D imaging for footwear and tire impression capture

The forensic science community raised the need for improved evidence recognition, collection, and visualization analytical instrumentation for field and laboratory use. While the 3D optical techniques for imaging static objects have been extensively studied, there is still a major gap between current knowledge and collecting high‐quality footwear and tire impression evidence. Among optical means for 3D imaging, digital fringe projection (DFP) techniques reconstruct 3D shape from phase information, achieving camera‐pixel spatial resolution. This paper presents a high‐resolution 3D imaging technology using DFP techniques dedicated to footwear and tire impression capture. We developed fully automated software algorithms and a graphical user interface (GUI) that allow anyone without training to operate for high‐quality 3D data capture. We performed accuracy evaluations and comparisons comparing with the commercial high‐end 3D scanner and carried out qualitative tests for various impressions comparing with the current practices. Overall, our technology achieves similar levels of accuracy and resolution with a high‐end commercially available 3D scanner, while having the merits of being (1) more affordable; (2) much easier to operate; and (3) more robust. Compared with the current practice of casting, our technology demonstrates its superiority because it (1) is non‐destructive; (2) collects more evidence detail than casts, especially when an impression is fragile; (3) requires less time and money to collect each piece of evidence; and (4) results in a digital file that can easily be shared with other examiners.     

Estimating Individual Contributions to Complex DNA SNP Mixtures.,

High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of large panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provides an alternative or complimentary approach to short tandem repeats (STRs) panels for the analysis of complex DNA mixture forensic samples. For STRs, methods to estimate individual contribution concentrations compare capillary electrophoresis peak heights, peak areas, or HTS allele read counts within a mixture. This article introduces three approaches (mean, median, and slope methods) for estimating individual DNA contributions to forensic mixtures for HTS/massively parallel sequencing (MPS) SNP panels. For SNPs, the major:minor allele ratios or counts, unique to each contributor, were compared to estimate contributor proportion within the mixture using the mean, median, and slope intercept for these alleles. The estimates for these three methods were typically within 5% of planned experimental contributions for defined mixtures.     

中国梦视阈下青年学生时代责任培育

从中国梦理论研究延伸到对青年学生时代责任培育的提炼发展,是新时代中国梦思想的研究方向.以中国梦理论为基础扩充青年学生时代责任培育的各方面内容,引导青年学生树立科学的、符合时代要求的世界观、人生观、价值观.对于在中国梦视阈下青年学生时代责任培育问题及对策研究,更能够加深青年学生对中国梦思想的认知深度,强化青年学生对建设中国特色社会主义的认可度,为实现民族复兴奠定坚实的精神思想基础.