金融危机背景下企业应收账款的法律风险控制

蔓延全球的金融危机产生的巨大影响，极易使企业的资金链发生断裂，造成企业的应收账款面临极大的法律风险。应收账款的增加直接危害企业的生存与发展。在金融危机的背景下．应从交易对象选择及对整个过程进行事前、事中、事后的系统的法律风险控制。     

Procedural justice during police-citizen encounters: The effects of process-based policing on citizen compliance and demeanor

Purpose

Theories of procedural justice have facilitated the development of a process-based approach to policing which emphasizes the fairness of the manner in which the police exercise their discretion. The study examines whether procedurally fair behavior by the police affects two types of citizen behavior during encounters: citizen disrespect toward the police and citizen noncompliance with police requests.

Methods

This study uses data from systematic social observations of police-citizen encounters to examine procedural justice factors on citizen behavior. Because of the reciprocal nature of police-citizen interactions, an instrumental variable is used in the statistical analysis to help address the causal relationship between police force and citizen disrespect.

Results

The statistical analyses find limited support for procedural justice factors. Two types of procedurally fair behavior by the police, police demeanor and their consideration of citizen voice, are significant in reducing citizen disrespect and noncompliance, respectively.

Conclusion

Procedural justice factors have limited and inconsistent impacts on the two types of citizen behavior, and future research should address the limitations of this study and evaluate process-based policing with more data from social observations of police-citizen encounters.     

The Dissemination of Criminological and Criminal Justice Knowledge and Practice: A Profile of People's Republic of China Scholars Who Earn Doctorates in the United States

Policies and practices in countries do not exist in a vacuum. There are many sources of ideas for change. One of the most important is exposure to foreign ideas through international scholarly exchange. This article briefly reviews the history and causes that have contributed to this process with scholars from the People??s Republic of China who have chosen to obtain doctorates in the United States and study Criminology and/or Criminal Justice. In particular, over the past two decades, close to two dozen scholars have come to the United States to earn masters and PhD degrees in the fields of Criminology/Criminal Justice or related fields. This article uses a survey methodology to understand this complex process.     

荫风轮总苷毒理学实验研究

目的:观察荫风轮总苷的急性和慢性毒性反应。方法:荫风轮总在灌胃测定小鼠最大给药量,观察7d内动物的死亡情况;大鼠分为对照组,荫风轮总苷高、中、低剂量组(940,470,235mg·kg-1/d),连续灌胃4周及停药2周。结果:荫风轮总苷的小鼠的最大给药量为8.0g·kg-1/d,相当于临床成人试用量的476.19倍。荫风轮总苷高、中、低剂量组,均可明显缩短凝血时间,高、中剂量组升高总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)作用与对照组差异有显著性,高剂量组可明显降低血胆固醇(TC)水平;动物一般状况、其他血液和血液生化指标、脏器系数、病理解剖观察均未见明显异常;停药2周后各指标与对照组相比,差异均无显著性。结论:荫风轮总苷未见有明显毒性反应及延时毒性,表明其安全性较高。     

信息技术发展与隐私权保护问题初探

隐私道德基础的关键是控制自己信息的权利,而恰恰是这种权利在数字技术进步的过程中处于最危险的境地。面对数字化带来的诸多问题,也许将来我们能找到更加聪明的技术方案来解决保护个人隐私的问题,但技术带来的诸多问题并非技术本身都能解决的,由此产生的对现行法律制度和人类固有价值的冲击,必须有相当的法律规范加以解决。     

努力成为学习型党员是先进性教育的必然要求

加强学习、不断学习,建设学习型党组织,做学习型党员,是共产党人始终坚持与时俱进时代精神的具体体现,是全面落实“三个代表”的具体举措,是始终保持党的先进性、纯洁性和创造力的永恒主题。学习型党员,作为学习型党组织的细胞核,在学习活动的实践中,所汇集的时代精神和价值取向,所积淀的知识底蕴和赋有创意的思维理念,将是未来中国共产党的希望。党的先进性决定并规范了学习型党员的内涵与要求。要成为名副其实的学习型党员并不是一件轻而易举的事,需要我们多方面去努力,即学习要有紧迫感、学习要尊重规律、学习要明确目的、学习要有好学风、学习要有自觉性、学习要有针对性、学习要刻苦勤奋、学习要持之以恒、学习要制定制度、学习要创新载体。     

基于沉浸理论的大学英语写作教学研究

著名心理学家米哈里.奇克森特米海伊提出的沉浸理论与现代心理学中的内在动机理论相联系,可应用到英语教学中提高学生的学习动机和水平。学生在英语写作活动中可以处于沉浸状态,个体沉浸与集体沉浸有相互影响、相互促进的关系,沉浸状态对提高学生英语学习水平有很强的促进作用。     

高职生源结构对英语教学的影响及对策

通过大量实地调研,本课题组对高职院校的生源结构进行了归纳总结,对不同生源地学生高中阶段的英语学习状况进行了调查,同时,对新生进行抽样问卷调查和英语水平测试。各项调研结果表明,高职生源呈多元化结构,英语水平参差不齐,从而本文提出从事高职教育的英语教师应进行四项思想转变,开展分层次教学、多媒体教学、网络教学、赏识教学等多种教学改革,从而促进高职英语教学改革。     

灯盏花素滴丸对大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的：观察灯盏花素滴丸对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑损伤的保护作用。方法：采用线栓法复制大鼠大脑中动脉脑缺血再灌注损伤模型，观察缺血后大鼠神经功能障碍情况并进行神经功能评分，测定再灌注后缺血侧脑梗死范围及脑组织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH－Px)的活性及丙二醛（MDA）的含量，结果：灯盏花素滴丸3种剂量（40，20，10mg/kg)能显减少线栓法所致的局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤大鼠的脑梗死面积和减轻神经功能障碍，并拮抗缺血脑组织MDA含量的增加及提高脑组织SOD，GSH－Px活性，结论：灯盏花素滴丸对大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注损伤具有很好的保护作用。     

中国传统文化的历史特征

实现中华民族伟大复兴是中国共产党的历史任务。为了达到这个目标,我们就必须科学认识中国传统文化。本文分析了中国传统文化的生成环境、起源、结构,得出结论:中国传统文化具有独立性、多源性、统一性、自足性的特征。受这些特征支配,中国传统文化既有前进的内在动力,又有阻碍进步的保守因素,不可一概而论。