论侵害生命之损害赔偿责任——解释论的视角

侵害生命的损害赔偿责任由受害人生命权侵害责任和近亲属身份权侵害责任组成。生命侵害于死亡不可逆转地将要发生时构成,仍有主体资格的受害人此时即取得了生命侵害之抚慰金请求权以及死亡赔偿金请求权,这些请求权于死亡实际发生时转由受害人的继承人继承。身份权侵害于受害人死亡时构成,近亲属取得抚慰金请求权以及继发的物质损害赔偿请求权。被抚养人的抚养利益以及继承人的继承利益,均通过继承规则来实现,而不采固有利益侵权构成之模式。我国生命侵害之赔偿实践中,精神利益被过度低估,导致最终的赔偿数额的高低主要取决于物质损害的大小,引发了“同命不同价”之批判。解释论上,可根据《侵权责任法》第16条及第22条之规定,在坚持物质损害赔偿差异化处理的同时,对精神损害作平等的评价,认可受害人生命侵害之抚慰金请求权,并大幅度提高受害人及其近亲属的抚慰金数额,来彰显生命的精神价值,实现人格平等的价值诉求。     

文化研究视角下的警察文化研究

用文化研究的思路审视当代中国警察文化的研究,既有利于文化研究的本土化,也可以为警察文化研究提供一个新的视角。就警察的形象危机而言,借鉴霍尔的＂编码/解码＂理论,对官方主导的警察剧进行受众研究,发现协商模式占了主体,但在另一些媒体尤其是网络上,对立模式也是很明显的,这就要求我们重新审视警察文化的概念。警察的自我认同可以抽象为四个模型,警察主导文化应该重视理想型价值。警察亚文化起源于基层警察,是警察文化的亚系统,在构建警察的形象与自我认同中,发生了重要作用,是我们认识警察群体的重要途径,应深入研究。     

人民币汇率与中俄主要产品贸易分析

基于ARDL模型研究人民币汇率对中俄主要贸易品的影响,中对俄出口以"纺织品和机械制品"为样本,中从俄进口以"矿产品和木及木制品"为样本。研究结果显示:汇率升值不利于纺织品出口和木及木制品进口,但对机械制品出口和矿产品进口没有影响。俄罗斯国民产出增加对纺织品、机械制品出口有促进作用;中国国民产出增加对木及木制品进口影响较弱;矿产品进口主要受非经济因素影响。对此,应"扩大货币互换协议规模以规避纺织品、矿产品贸易的汇率风险;保持政治互信以稳定矿产品进口;积极发展产业内贸易以协调和促进未来中俄贸易发展"。     

董事忠实义务及其扩张

董事忠实义务在本质上是董事信义义务,与勤勉义务并列,成为约束董事行为的法定机制。董事忠实和勤勉义务均建立在公司与董事之间的信义关系基础上,均以维护公司整体利益为宗旨,但规制重点不同。忠实义务主要规范董事与公司之间利益冲突关系,勤勉义务旨在推动董事发挥聪明才智,两者共同成为评价董事履职的主要标准。忠实义务与民法中禁止自己代理和双方代理的规则之间关系密切,但在制度功能和义务要素上仍有重大差别,不能彼此替代或混为一谈。随着现代社会中公司交易复杂化以及公司集团现象普遍化,规制公司与董事利益冲突的公司法规则正在从“绝对禁止”向“禁止缓和”发展,忠实义务主体则已适度扩张至控股或主要股东,成为补充调整股东与公司关系的特殊机制。     

韩国强化无人岛管理的做法及对中国的启示

近年来,国际海洋权益形势的发展促使韩国不断调整其海洋政策,以不断拓展其海洋权益空间。在当前面临与周边国家进行海上划界的形势下,韩国尤其重视无人岛的管理,从出台相关法律政策和计划,到无人岛找寻、岛屿调查登记、基础海图制作等管理工作,努力最大限度地维护其海洋权益。韩国加强无人岛管理的法律和实践值得关注和研究,并值得我们借鉴。     

China and Competing Cooperation in Asia-Pacific: TPP,RCEP, and the New Silk Road

Abstract

A big question looming large over policy and theory in Asian security is how China will use its newfound wealth and power in the region and with what consequences. The United States has concluded the negotiation of Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP); ASEAN has promoted the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). Both frameworks seek to shape China’s regional behavior and manage rising China. In late 2013, China inaugurated the new Silk Road initiative, which has rapidly gained momentum in the country and among China’s neighbors. American public and policy makers, however, are largely unaware or baffled by the new Silk Road. The article, based on field surveys and extensive documentary analysis, provides the first roadmap on how China views TPP, RCEP, and the new Silk Road. It offers important exploration of how China acts and reacts to regional contestation and what are implications for the region.     

Highly Sensitive Detection of Blood by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering,,

Raman spectroscopy for forensic body fluid analysis has received some attention due to the nondestructive nature and potential application for identification at the crime scene; however, its usage has been limited by low detection sensitivity. Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was evaluated for blood identification for forensic applications. Specifically, a SERS‐active substrate was fabricated, composed of nickel nanotips coated with Ag nanoparticles. Compared with a conventional substrate, the SERS substrate enhanced Raman scattering by more than two orders of magnitude and allowed blood to be identified to a dilution of 1:100,000. Blood was also successfully detected by swabbing the SERS substrate directly on mock evidence. Most importantly, Raman spectra obtained by swabbing the SERS substrate on blood stains were free of luminescence even when blood was deposited on luminescent fabrics. The nondestructive character, simplicity of sample preparation, and high sensitivity make SERS a prime candidate for field and laboratory‐based blood identification.     

刑法中的“食品”概念辨析

我国食品安全法中的食品定义尚不完善。刑法中的"食品"概念亦应当按照食品安全法的规定进行理解,并根据立法目的对其进行扩大解释。因此,食用农产品、食品添加剂、保健食品都属于刑事法律中的食品范围,但保健食品并不等于"既是食品又是药品的物品"。关于"毒胶囊"引发的刑法定性问题则应当依照具体情况区别对待。     

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ＂MODERNITY AND CHINESE LEGAL CULTURE＂ HELD AT RENMIN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA LAW SCHOOL

The legal reform of the late Qing Dynasty that took place more than one hundred years ago has usually been considered as the starting point of the transformation and modernization of Chinese legal culture. Following that, both the Republic of China＇s legal system, and the Chinese legal system drawing on Western experience since the opening-up, have been （to a large extent） developed by the purpose of pursuing modemity. Hence, the relationship between modernity and Chinese legal culture is the crucial point in understanding the development of Chinese legal system in modem times, and also a point in comprehending the ongoing legal system construction in a global perspective.     

从德育角度探讨大学生在虚拟社会的亲社会行为

亲社会行为由那些对行为者无明显利益,但对接受者有益的反应组成。对大学生而言,亲社会行为更多地发生在虚拟社会中。影响大学生在虚拟社会的亲社会行为的因素,从个人角度看有认知、情绪和价值观,从环境角度看主要包括虚拟社群、大众传媒和网络规范。提高大学生在虚拟社会的亲社会行为水平,需要学校、家庭、社会共同努力,针对影响亲社会行为的因素制定德育对策。