The experimental and case study of needle marks on the speedometer as the physical evidence for the collision speed analysis

The collision speed is important in accident analysis, and needle marks can be helpful as the physical evidence. The deceleration impact system has been built to analyze the mechanics of the needle and the gauge plate. Two isolated groups were designed to record the speed values under the same sample labels from real crashes. The visualization platform was built for the first group to collect needle marks. The second group recorded the speed values by other methods. The collision deceleration, the gauge plate materials, and the collision directions determine the forming of the needle marks. There were eight positive results from the 23 effective samples (12 frontal, four side, and seven rear), with discernible tip and/or middle marks on gauge plates. Multiple marks have been distinguished effectively. The low- and high-speed impacts have no obvious differences for real needle marks. It is more accurate for frontal impacts.     

浅析新加坡的公共外交

作为一种新的外交形式,公共外交在国际关系中发挥着越来越重要的作用。新加坡自独立以来,在对外关系方面取得了显著的成果,近年来更是重视公共外交,使公共外交在其对外战略中发挥着特殊作用。通过开展公共外交,新加坡这一小国的国际形象进一步得到改善,国际影响力也得到提升。但也由于小国的限制,新加坡的公共外交也存在着巨大局限。     

A Y‐Chromosomal Haplotype with Two Short Tandem Repeat Mutations*

Abstract:  The male‐specific Y‐chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) is a useful tool in forensic casework. The Y haplotype comprised of 16 loci, which is amplified simultaneously by AmpFlSTR^® Yfiler^TM PCR kit and provides strong exculpatory evidence in individual identification. We reported a rare Y‐STR profile with a null allele at the DYS448 locus and an off‐ladder allele at the DYS456 locus, when genotyping material from a vaginal swab in an alleged rape case. Sequence analysis revealed that the DYS448 null allele was a true type of null allele because of a total deletion of 11 upstream repeats and 9 bp of the N₄₂ region, and there were numerous primer binding site mutations as well. The amplicon of the DYS456 locus was a small 92‐bp fragment that was off‐ladder, and sequencing analysis showed that there were only 10 repeats (AGAT)₁₀. This Y chromosome haplotype that was comprised of two variations provided helpful evidence for personal identification.     

Determination of bromadiolone and brodifacoum in human blood using LC-ESI/MS/MS and its application in four superwarfarin poisoning cases

Superwarfarin poisoning is a growing health problem. A sensitive and reproducible LC-ESI/MS/MS (liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry) method was developed and validated for the determination of bromadiolone and brodifacoum, the most commonly used superwarfarins, in human blood using warfarin-D5 as an internal standard. Bromadiolone and brodifacoum were extracted from whole blood samples by liquid-liquid extraction with ethyl acetate. Multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to detect bromadiolone and brodifacoum using precursor→product ion combinations of m/z 525→250 and 521→135, respectively. The calibration curves were linear (r(2)=0.9999) in the concentration range of 0.5-100.0ng/mL for bromadiolone and brodifacoum, with a lower limit of detection of 0.1 and 0.2ng/mL, respectively, in whole blood. This method detected trace levels of bromadiolone and brodifacoum in whole blood samples and can be used in the diagnosis of poisoned human beings.     

诗性、修辞与法律价值预设——制度修辞研究之二

法律价值预设作为法律中提纲挈领、统领全局的内容,在法律作为"制度性修辞"的命题、判断和架构中,有着独特的分析意义。法律价值的抽象性、统领性,提供了诗性思维可以充分发挥作用的空间,同时,诗性思维也把法律价值预设结构在修辞世界。不论作为技术的修辞,还是作为本体的修辞,都对法律价值预设作为制度修辞起着论证作用。如果说法律和法治本身是一种制度性修辞,那么,通过法律价值预设能更好地证立这一判断。     

6个Y-STR荧光复合扩增系统的建立及应用

目的建立6个Y-STR荧光复合扩增体系,评价其法医学应用价值。方法设计DYS444,GATA-A7.2,GATA-A10,DYS390,GATA-A7.1,DYS443荧光复合扩增引物,扩增总体积20μL,内含模板DNA0.5～10ng,PCR产物用3130遗传分析仪电泳,GenemapperID v 3.2分析结果,根据等位基因标准命名各等位基因,并评价该系统的特异性、准确性、均衡性、灵敏度及对混合血样的分析能力。结果当dNTP、Mg2+分别为200μmol/L、1.5mmol/L时扩增效果最佳,0.5～10ngDNA模板量均能获得较好的扩增效果,各基因座分型结果清晰,扩增均衡,特异性强,重现性好,基本满足实际应用的性能要求。对湖北汉族群体进行遗传学调查,结果GD值0.580 3～0.722 3,共检出158种单倍型,其多样性为0.995 8。结论本文6个Y-STR扩增系统分型可靠,配合常用Y-STR分型试剂盒,可进一步提高个体识别能力。     

刑事附带民事诉讼制度的思考与重新构建

我国刑事附带民事诉讼制度的设计遵循的是＂公权优于私权＂、＂效率优于公正＂的指导思想,因而造成了附带民事诉讼缺乏应有的独立性,在司法实践中成为刑事诉讼附庸的后果,偏离了设立这一制度的目的。本文指出了附带民事诉讼制度在受案范围、请求赔偿范围、诉讼证明标准、审理期限、裁判结果公正、保障执行机制等方面存在的问题和局限,进而通过确立＂在公权有限优先的前提下,最大限度保护私权＂、＂在首先保证公正的前提下兼顾效率＂的理念,以完善附带民事诉讼相关制度。     

浅谈我国学校毒品预防教育评估

学校毒品预防教育评估是学校毒品预防教育过程一个基本环节和基本步骤.应界定学校毒品预防教育评估的概念,认真分析学校毒品预防教育评估的作用、并对学校毒品预防教育评估原则及程序进行了探讨.     

GC-MS/MS法测定人头发中的大麻酚类及其代谢物

目的 建立同时检测头发中△9-四氢大麻酚(THC)、大麻酚(CBN)、大麻二酚(CBD)和△9-四氢大麻酸(THC-COOH)的分析方法.方法头发样品加入氘代内标△9-四氢大麻酸(THC-COOH-d3),经碱水解后,以混合溶剂[V(正己烷)∶V(乙酸乙酯=9∶1]进行提取,吹干,残留物经双(三甲基硅烷基)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)衍生化,用GC-MS/MS方法进行分析.结果 头发中THC-COOH、THC、CBN和CBD的最低检出限分别为4、4、10和20 pg· mg-1,各化合物在0.04～5ng· mg-1呈良好的线性关系(r＞0.999),方法精密度、准确度均符合要求.结论本方法选择性强、灵敏度高,适用于头发中CBD、CBN、THC及其代谢物THC-COOH的分析,并成功应用于实际案例中.     

论协商性司法在民族地区的适用

如何实现国家刑事司法同民族习惯法的融合,改变国家法在民族地区适应性不足的状况,一直是理论和实务界探讨的重要议题。协商性司法的引入有效地弥合了二者的隔阂。协商性司法不仅能有效吸收民族习惯法中的积极成果,整合国家的民族刑事政策,更能让国家法关注纷争双方合法权益的双向保护,保持刑罚的谦抑性,恢复社会正义,使稳定和谐得以实现。