我国食品安全委员会的构建

我国食品安全监管体制缺乏规范有效的协调机制,监管部门的职能定位模糊不清,中央与地方关系有待进一步厘清。应借鉴美国、日本的食品安全监管制度,结合新近颁布的《食品安全法》和即将成立的国家食品安全委员会,完善我国食品安全监管的配套制度。     

浅议虚拟财产的物权保护

随着互联网尤其是网络游戏的发展, "虚拟财产"这个词也频繁地出现在人们的日常生活中.目前,现行法律对虚拟财产这个概念尚无定义,而现实中对虚拟财产的界定又有广义和狭义之分.有关虚拟财产法律属性的学说都具有其合理性,但也存在一定的缺陷.通过对传统"物"的理论以及对现代"物"的发展进行梳理,可以看出虚拟财产具有"物"的属性.通过一定的立法技术,对我国<民法通则>和<物权法>的有关概念进行扩张性解释,将虚拟财产纳入民法和物权法的范围进行物权保护,适用民事诉讼法的相关规定对举证责任加以确定,并建立和完善相应的网上仲裁制度,对虚拟财产纠纷的解决机制加以补充,以达到对虚拟财产保护的目的.     

依法保障公众知情权 再造责任政府

<政府信息公开条例>的诞生使得"信息公开"、"知情权"跨越了政府制度改革的层面,上升为政府义务和公民权利.为拓宽阳光政府、责任政府的执政之路,实现该法规的立法宗旨,本文对知情权的内涵和政府信息公开的国际普适原则进行分析,同时结合我国知情权保护现状,探讨了我国保障公众知情权的路径和对策.     

英联邦国家医疗侵权诉讼中因果关系之证明及评价

在因果关系的证明上,英联邦国家司法总体上贯彻了法律与科学有别、司法者与医学专家有别的观念。传统的因果关系证明规则在医疗诉讼中面临挑战和困境。在寻找解决此类困境的方法中,举证负担转移方法因其操作生硬、对传统规则的过于颠覆以及可能对医学、医疗诉讼和医疗保险产生不良影响而未能在英联邦司法中获得普遍认可;风险的实质性增加方法和机会丧失视为损害的方法能否适用于医疗侵权案件尚未得到确定。与前些方法相比,因果关系的推断在英联邦司法中获得了较大程度的认可。该方法的优势在于弹性强、对传统规则的偏离较为缓和且充分利用了法庭的事实认定过程。它进一步增加了法院的自由裁量,减弱了对医疗专家意见的依赖。     

刑事案件DNA检验采样与鉴定立法现状

人类DNA遗传特征多态性使DNA技术成为各国警方侦办案件的重要技术手段,但DNA检验鉴定采样合法性和结论可采性须由立法规定。众多国家和地区针对DNA采样和鉴定结论应用制定了相关法律法规。我国相关法律细则尚处空白,因此,应尽快制定我国DNA鉴定采样与应用法规,规范DNA鉴定样本采集与证据采信。     

论对共同担保人之间追偿权的四大制约

共同担保人之间的追偿权是共同担保中一个十分复杂的问题。由于受到当事人特别约定、法定的追偿权顺序、保证方式和担保期间等诸多因素的限制,共同担保人并非都承担连带责任,承担了连带责任的共同担保人对其他担保人也并非都有追偿权或具有相同效力的追偿权。     

和谐语境下的女性犯罪问题研究

十六届四中全会以来,我国提出构建社会主义和谐社会。“和谐社会”就是社会的发展符合人类社会发展的客观规律,是全面系统的和谐,其中包括人与人之间、不同性别的人之间关系的和谐,实现社会平等、有序、可持续发展等内容。然而,近些年来我国女性犯罪数量迅速增长,不仅影响着人与人之间关系的和谐,也严重阻碍了和谐社会建设的进程。     

再谈民法与宪法的关系

宪法与民法的关系问题既是一个重大理论问题,同时也关乎对<物权法>等基本民事立法合理性、合法性的评判问题.民法内容固然不能直接与宪法规定相抵触,但民法中大部分有关公民权利的规定并非直接基于宪法的授权,更不是来自于统治者的恣意妄为,而是来自干对人的自然权利的立法确认.财产权是民事权利的核心,因此它应当受到法律的特别保护.宪法作为根本法主要是在政治的意义上被强调,而不是在规范的意义上被重视.民法由于调整对象的基本性,因此构成政治生活的基础,当然也成为宪法赖以发挥作用的根本之所在.     

论破产法上债务人高管人员民事责任的追究

The Enterprise Bankruptcy Law has designed the regime for debtor’s senior managers to bear civil liabilities, while the framework design concerning the prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities is still unclear. How to establish a prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities of debtor’s senior managers in line with the purposes of the bankruptcy regime is a substantial issue during the implementation of Enterprise Bankruptcy Law. The realization of the civil liabilities regime of debtor’s senior managers depends on the establishment and operation of a relatively well-developed prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities. The focus of the prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities is to determine the subject of prosecution of civil liabilities, the way to realize civil liabilities, and the special hearing proceedings and authorities of the court. Taking steps to clarify and improve the prosecution mechanism of civil liabilities focusing on the subjects of prosecution (debtor’s senior managers) and authorities of the court, is the essence and systematic safeguard of realizing the civil liabilities regime of debtor’s senior managers in the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law. Gan Peizhong, Ph.D, is a professor of law and director of the Research Center for Enterprise and Company Law at Peking University. Prof. Gan is a recognized expert on economic law, company law, bankruptcy law and the reform of state-owned enterprises in China. He has released numerous articles on Chinese law journals and published many books. His major publications include Encyclopedia of Chinese Economic Law (vice editor-in-chief), New Studies on Economic Law (co-editor), New Studies on Enterprise Law (author), Studies on Chinese Economic Adjudication (editor-in-chief), Studies on Foreign Economic Law in Beijing (editor-in-chief), General Theories on Economic Law (co-editor), Legitimate Exercise of the Corporate Control Rights (author). Moreover, he was named the “leading young and middle-aged jurist” by Beijing Law Society in 1999. In addition, Prof. Gan is the deputy-president of the Securities Law Association, a member of the Standing Committee of the Economic Law Association under China Law Society. He also serves as the consultant of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the NPC Standing Committee and Beijing Municipal People’s Congress, as well as the Haidian District Court of Beijing.     

Genetic polymorphism of 17 STR loci for forensic use in Chinese population from Shanghai in East China

Allele frequencies for 17 STR loci found in Identifier kit and PowerPlex^®16 Monoplex System were determined in a sample of 1000 unrelated individuals living in Shanghai in East China. The values of observed heterozygosity (Ho), power of discrimination (PD), probability of paternity exclusion (PE) and polymorphism information content (PIC) were calculated. All loci were in accordance with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p < 0.05). The obtained frequency distributions were compared with other previously reported population data.