中国特色社会主义的基本规律

中国特色社会主义的基本规律,主要体现为:把马克思主义基本原理与中国国情和时代特征相结合,走自己的社会主义建设道路,是中国特色社会主义的核心;中国特色社会主义道路、理论体系、制度,是中国特色社会主义的三大要素;一元与多样的辩证统一,是中国特色社会主义的基本特征;"一个中心、两个基本点"的基本路线,是中国特色社会主义的生命线;坚持科学发展,是中国特色社会主义的根本要求;注重社会主义实践创新、理论创新、制度创新,是中国特色社会主义的本质;实事求是,是中国特色社会主义的精髓。     

Immunohistochemical investigation of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A in fatal poisoning

To evaluate the immunohistochemical distribution of pulmonary surfactant-associated protein A (SP-A) in fatal poisoning in relation to the effects of drugs and poisons on respiratory function, 42 forensic autopsy cases were examined by scoring the staining intensity. The highest scores of SP-A staining, with dense granular deposits (aggregates) in the intra-alveolar space, were observed in fatalities from pancuronium bromide (muscle relaxant) injection and petroleum (butane) gas inhalation. Poisoning with organophosphate pesticides and arsenic (ingestion) showed a second grade SP-A score. However, The SP-A scores were relatively low in ethanol and sedative-hypnotic intoxication. Carbon monoxide intoxication showed a varied degree of SP-A score, and the aggregated SP-A score tended to be higher in cases of lower blood carboxyhemoglobin concentration. A varied SP-A score was also observed in methamphetamine fatalities, in which the score was relatively low in cases with a higher serum drug level. Increase of SP-A was not always associated with the intra-alveolar effusion or hemorrhages. The above-described observations suggested that the immunohistochemical score of SP-A may be a possible indication for intensity and duration of drug/poison-dependent respiratory distress.     

Primary study of vascular endothelial growth factor immunohistochemical staining in the diagnosis of early acute myocardial ischemia

The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the model of rat early acute myocardial ischemia was studied by Strept-Avidin-Biotin-Peroxidase Complex (SABC) immunohistochemical staining. After ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery, an initial rapid (30min) positive expression of VEGF in myocardial ischemic areas was observed, the intensity of positive expression of VEGF increased with the continuation of myocardial ischemia. After 5h infarction, the strongly positive myocytes of SABC-VEGF staining were predominantly limited to perimyocardial infarction areas. No positive expression of VEGF was found in the control group. These findings suggested that SABC-VEGF method could give a sensitive, specific, simple and objective morphologic evidence to the diagnosis of sudden cardiac death caused by acute early myocardial ischemia.     

Allele frequencies of 10 STR loci in Koreans

Allele frequencies for the 10 STR loci, D6S1043, D9S925, D7S821, D4S2368, D21S2055, GATA193A07, D12S391, D10S2326, D15S822 and D18S51 were obtained from a sample of 217-310 unrelated Koreans. In this study, 2 out of the 10 loci did not meet Hardy-Weinberg expectation. The combined probability of identity for 10 loci tested was 4.93 x 10(-14).     

Longitudinal brainstem laceration associated with complex basilar skull fractures due to a fall: an autopsy case

This report describes an autopsy case of a rare longitudinal brainstem laceration associated with complex basilar skull fractures. The victim was a 40-year-old male who died immediately after falling from a roof (9.2m in height) of a factory onto a concrete floor. The postmortem examination revealed an incomplete ring fracture of the base of the skull with longitudinal fractures of the sphenoid (clivus of the dorsum sellae turcicae) and occipital bones, cerebral contusions in the frontal and temporal poles, a longitudinal brainstem laceration at the posterior median sulcus of the pons accompanied with multiple contusional hemorrhages in the brainstem and corpus callosum. Related blunt-force injuries were observed in the parieto-occipital region of the head, shoulder and upper back involving the fractures of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, and sternum and ribs, indicating a huge impact to the occiput and subsequent impression of the vertebral column into the base of the skull due to violent anteroflexion of the neck, which caused the complex basilar skull fractures, contusions and longitudinal laceration of the brainstem.     

清代的中越边境事件及其影响略论（1644-1885）

1644-1885年间,中越陆路边境地区因"匪乱"、偷越国界,或其他意外原因引发多起边境事件,并引起两国交涉.在处理这些事件过程中,清王朝不干涉安南(越南)内政,越南各王朝统治者都注意维护宗藩关系,因而这些交涉加深了两国的和平友好关系,在一定程度上强化了两国统治者之间的宗藩关系.     

论行政争议--兼论行政争议与民事争议之区分

行政争议作为行政诉讼制度的核心概念,是行政诉讼与民事诉讼、刑事诉讼的根本不同之处,如何界定与判定行政争议则是行政诉讼理论中的一个基本问题.行政争议是行政主体在行使公权力过程中与相对人(公民、法人和其他组织)之间发生的、依据公法可以解决的争议.判断某一争议是否为行政争议,应当把握主体、公权力、权利义务的特殊性、公共利益等多种因素.     

文化创意产业的特点和发展条件探讨

文化创意产业的基本特点在于强调个人的参与和才智发挥;强调有形产品的生产;强调知识产权的保护;强调信息服务技术的应用与创新;强调乘数效应的发挥;强调高收益性;强调做大做强文化产业。北京应当创造条件,鼓励普通民众广泛参与文化创意活动;整合资源,大力提升文化创意企业的自主研发能力和创新能力;重点突破,创造精致化和差异化的文化创意产品;消除行政垄断,推进国有文化创意企事业单位的改革;完善规制,创造宽松的有利于文化创意产业发展的大环境。     

Female drug abusers, narcotics offenders, and legal punishment in China

Drug abuse and narcotics offenses have been surging since the economic reforms in China. Accompanied is the dramatic increase of female involvement in the use of drugs and narcotics offenses. As a response, laws and governmental decrees have been promulgated and modified to curb these emerging and changing crimes and social problems. Courts at all levels in China also devoted more resources in handling and processing these particular criminals and crimes. Whether and how these legal initiatives have been translated into punishment that treats male and female offenders equally who committed similar offenses remains questionable. Citing published criminal court judgment documents, this study addressed this issue empirically and offered some plausible theoretical explanations for the treatment of female drug users and narcotics offenders by criminal courts in China.     

论民事权利的私力救济

民事权利是权利中的基础性权利,私力救济是权利救济中的原始性的与源泉性的救济形式.本文分析了私力救济的原因,包含救济成本原因、公权力正当性原因等,最后讨论了私力救济的类型及法律规制.