急性博落回中毒的实验病理学研究

目的 探讨博落回中毒作用的靶器官、靶组织和病变特点,以及博落回中毒机理。方法 应用博落回水煎液对大鼠经口急性染毒,行组织病理学和重要脏器电镜检查及血清生化检测。结果 博落回对大鼠的半数致死量(LD50)为19.5g/kg,染毒大鼠血清谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酸激酶(CK)及其同功酶(CK-MB)增高;心电图(EKG)表现异常;肝、脾、肾脏器系数减小。光镜下中毒大鼠心、脑、肝、肾等器官呈淤血、出血性改变;电镜下中毒大鼠心、脑、肝、肾细胞内线粒体、内质网、核膜等膜性结构破坏。结论 博落回毒作用的主要靶器官或靶组织是心、脑、肝、肾,病变特点为受累脏器淤血、出血性变;毒作用的主要机理是对线粒体、内质网和核膜等膜性结构的破坏。     

Voice Over IP services: Regulatory perspectives from the developed and the developing worlds

As the technology for Internet telephone service (“Voice Over IP” or “VOIP”) matures, and the quality of service improves, regulators in developed and developing countries are encountering significant and very different regulatory challenges. This article looks at the issues faced by regulators in developed country markets with a history of extensive service competition. A follow-up article will contrast the issues faced in developing country markets, particularly those where service competition is limited.     

MS31A的MVR-PCR分型

建立一种快速MVR－PCR分析方法,对中国汉族群体样本进行小卫星MS31A（D7S21基因座）分型及其频率调查。采用同位素掺入扩增和中性聚丙烯酸胺凝胶电泳分离技术。对200名无关个体血液样品的分析结果表明,每一样品MVR－PCR图谱均可获得近40条谱带。经计算机编码分析,不同个体的编码均不相同。MS31A前40个重复单位1、2、3、4型的频率分别为25．3％,27．2％,47．3％和0．2％;DP值可达99．999999999999％;四代家系分析表明：亲代小卫星MS31A的重复单位可稳定地传递给子代,符合孟德尔遗传规律。灵敏度分析显示：该技术最低能检测出1ng的基因组DNA.MW－PCR分析方法在法医学个人识别方面具有应用价值。     

A Small Yes for Presidentialism: The Turkish Constitutional Referendum of April 2017

Following four elections in three years, on 16 April 2017 Turkish voters once again went to the polls - this time under the emergency law established after the failed coup attempt of July 2016 - to vote on constitutional amendments aimed at replacing the existing parliamentary system with an executive presidency. This article reviews the content of the proposed constitutional amendments, analyses the campaign including the strategies employed by the main political actors in the ‘Yes’ and ‘No’ camps and the resource advantages enjoyed by the ruling party, assesses the electoral performance of both sides through a summary of results from provincial areas and geographical regions, and considers how Turkish politics are likely to take shape under the new system.     

荧光标记STRs复合扩增分析混合血样品

探讨应用荧光标记STRs复合扩增技术能够检测出混合血样品中较少个体成份的最低检出量及所占的比例多少与基因型的峰值高低是否存在一定的剂量反应关系。采用荧光标记STRs复合扩增技术 ,分析 4对两无关男 /女的混合血样品。扩增基因座包括D8S1179、D2 1S11、D18S5 1、D3S135 8、vWA、FGA、D5S818、D13S317、D7S82 0及性别Amelogeine。结果表明 ,对经用酚 /氯仿有机溶剂方法提取的混合血样品中较少成份的最低检出量为 ,能够从10ng混合DNA中检出 1ng的较少成份 ;从 10∶90至 5 0∶5 0 5个不同比例组 ,较少成份所占比例多少与其对应基因型峰值的高低呈现一定的正相关趋势。应用荧光标记STRs复合扩增技术可能较好地解决混合血样品的个体识别问题     

220例损伤导致精神障碍损伤程度的法医学鉴定

研究损伤导致精神障碍损伤程度的评定标准。对 1986年 7月～ 2 0 0 0年 7月受理的精神损伤司法鉴定 2 2 0例资料进行回顾性研究。结果显示 :男女比例无差异 ;以中青年组居多 (占 5 5 % ) ;职业以工人、农民多见 ,损伤原因多为伤害和交通事故 (占 82 % ) ;鉴定时间以 1年内为佳。损伤与精神障碍间有直接因果关系者 110例 ,有间接因果关系者 6 9例 ,两者间条件相关者 35例 ,无相关者 6例。对有相关关系的 2 14例作损伤程度评定 ,重伤 91例 ,轻伤6 8例 ,仅就伤病关系作出评定者 5 5例。损伤导致精神障碍的损伤程度应具体案情具体分析 ;对颅脑外伤所致神经症的损伤程度评定提出可操作性的意见。     

Appendix A: The DPRK's Debts

The global value chain concept has become one of the most influential frameworks used in the study of globalization. The paradigm, however, is deficient in explicating the exploitative nature of global value chain governance. Based on a study of soccer ball production in China and Pakistan, this article analyzes global production from three perspectives: the role of the state in shaping the host countries' mode of production and legal framework, the issue of how surplus value is created and distributed, and the use of child labor or prison labor to remain competitive in the chain. The article shows, in the case of Pakistan, how a country using a lower-labor-costs strategy to retain a place in a global value chain allows its workers to be exploited and pauperizes its people.