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Zia Akhtar 《环境索赔杂志》2016,28(1):33-57
The UK Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (ERRA), section 69 has ensured that claims can only succeed on the civil burden of proof (balance of probabilities) that the employer has been negligent. The act also impacts on environmental liability and its “green purposes” are set out in chapter 24, part 1, which compel the employer to take measures in accordance with the Kyoto Protocol and encourage biodiversity. The broader framework of tort liability in this area of employer/employee relationship needs exploration to determine if such a policy-based approach is likely to make much difference given the tendency of courts to regard a breach of a worker-protective statute as evidence of fault. It is an important question for industry in common law jurisdictions because employers are likely to estimate their liabilities based on cost/benefit ratio in the work-place and invest in a safer premises under a fault-based system. 相似文献
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Sadia Akhtar Muhammad Irfan Asma Sarwar Asma Qurat Ul Ain Rashid 《Journal of Public Affairs (14723891)》2019,19(1)
Rapid development of smartphone technologies in Asian countries has increased the demand of mobile banking in financial services and mobile commerce. Current research is conducted for mobile banking adoption in China and Pakistan. The social influence was added with technology acceptance model to investigate the direct effect on individuals' intention. Moderating role of cultural values was explored in the proposed model. Empirical study was performed for the data received from both countries to examine the developed model. Multiple and hierarchical regression analyses (IBM SPSS software) were carried out to test the proposed hypotheses. We have observed that perceived usefulness, social influence, and perceived ease of use are significant predictors of individuals' intentions to adopt m‐banking in Pakistan, whereas the perceived usefulness is an important predictor in China. The moderating role of cultural values was observed as dampening factor in positive relationship between social influence and individuals' intentions. 相似文献