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271.
Germany in the 18th and 19th centuries possessed a wealth of monthly political journals. The period after the Second World War saw a renaissance of monthly journals, which offered orientation to a populace disoriented by National Socialism and war. Today there is a limited number of monthly political journals and their total circulation does not exceed 100,000. But their readership constitutes the small group of citizens who take an interest in politics and in political discourse. Their quantitative influence cannot be measured, their qualitative influence cannot be overestimated. The article focuses mainly on the magazines Neue Gesellschaft/Frankfurter Hefte and Die Politische Meinung. The former is supported by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, the latter by the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. 相似文献
272.
The relationships between childhood sexual abuse, social anxiety, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder were examined
in a sample of 313 undergraduate women. Thirty-one percent of the women reported some form of sexual abuse in childhood. Women
with a history of sexual abuse reported more symptoms of anxiety, distress in social situations, and posttraumatic stress
disorder than other women. Women who experienced attempted or actual intercourse reported more avoidance than women with no
history of abuse and women with exposure only, and more PTSD symptoms than all other groups of women. Women who experienced
fondling reported more PTSD symptoms than women with no history of abuse. Pressure, age of onset of abuse, abuse by a family
friend, and abuse by other perpetrators were all significant abuse characteristics in predicting adult social anxiety. Implications
of these results for research and interventions are discussed. 相似文献
273.
Leanor?Boulin?JohnsonEmail author Michael?Todd Ganga?Subramanian 《Journal of family violence》2005,20(1):3-12
This article uses a path model to examine the relationship between violence exposure and domestic violence among police officers with the expectation that the relationships would be both direct and mediated. The mediation factors included burnout, authoritarian spillover, alcohol use, and department withdrawal. The model was tested through an analysis of data collected from 413 officers. Four mediation chains were identified; the most powerful of these was burnout and authoritarian spillover. Suggestions for future research include understanding violence in the context of unique workplace cultures, classifying violence types, and clarifying how this population defines violence and control. 相似文献
274.
Vincent?B.?Van HasseltEmail author John?J.?Flood Stephen?J.?Romano Gregory?M.?Vecchi Nathalie de?Fabrique Vincent?A.?Dalfonzo 《Journal of family violence》2005,20(1):21-27
Initial reports of domestic violence are generally made to law enforcement officers who must respond and intervene. A subset of these episodes involves cases in which the victim, and, in many instances her child(ren), have been taken hostage by her husband or partner. Moreover, there are indications that the number of such incidents is growing. The purpose of this project was twofold: (1) to provide one of the first reports on the prevalence and characteristics of these events, and (2) to more closely analyze domestic crisis (hostage) situations using actual case examples. All information was obtained from the Hostage Barricade Database System (HOBAS) of the FBIs Crisis Negotiation Unit. HOBAS is a postincident information collection tool which stores historical data from law enforcement agencies across the nation on hostage/barricade incidents. An examination of this database yielded different types of domestic hostage-taking acts and outcomes (e.g., tactical vs. negotiated resolutions, survival vs. death/injury of perpetrator and/or victim[s]). Implications of the findings, for future crisis negotiation efforts directed toward nonviolent resolution of these high-risk critical incidents, are discussed. 相似文献
275.
G.?Page?WestIIIEmail author Charles?E.?Bamford 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2005,30(4):433-451
Academic research has identified a broad array of resources that exist in communities that have an established technology-based entrepreneurial venture population. These studies have focused upon well-known areas such as the Silicon Valley, the 128 loop in Boston and Austin, Texas. Yet even in these relatively homogeneous environments the studies have been highly inconsistent in their findings as to what bundle of resources might be critical in attracting new ventures. Many other communities have either been unsuccessful or only marginally successful in their efforts to recreate the magic of Silicon Valley. We utilize a Resource-Based model to suggest that communities develop unique bundles over time and that the development of these bundles in a particular geographic area is neither linear nor easily replicable.JEL Classification: 01, 021, 03, R11, R58 相似文献
276.
Outside invention has gained in importance as universities are actively seeking commercialization of their inventions since the passage of the Bayh-Dole Act. The paper analyzes the incentives to invent for outside and inside inventors. It is shown that outside inventors have greater incentives to invent than incumbents. Outside inventors can always fully appropriate the gains from invention irrespective of market structures and firm behaviour. Moreover, outside invention prompts incumbents to commercialize an invention in contrast to inside invention. Embryonic inventions could best be commercialized by new enterprises due to the uncertainty of their outcomes. Cooperative invention could boost consumer welfare but constitutes a lackluster incentive to invent. 相似文献
277.
Christian?GrowitschEmail author Thomas?Wein 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2005,20(2):165-183
In the course of the liberalization of European energy markets, the German government opted—diverging from all other European countries—for Negotiated Third-Party Access. In this article we analyze if, theoretically, this institutional regime can be superior to regulation. We review empirically whether certain aspects of the actual implementation, in particular publication of the network access charges for each network supplier, facilitated or inhibited competition. In the first place we reconsider previous research, showing that NTPA can—under certain conditions—be economically effective. Our empirical analysis shows that the duty of publishing access charges supported market transparency and imposed a regulatory threat, particularly to suppliers with significantly above-average charges. On the other hand observable price adjustments over time serve as an indicator of tacit collusion. Although the expensive suppliers cut their prices, the cheaper ones raised theirs.We thank Maik Heinemann, Joachim Wagner and two anonymous referees for helpful comments and the Lower Saxonian Ministry of Science and Culture for financial support.JEL Classification: D42, L43, L94 相似文献
278.
Jean?H.?PeretzEmail author Sujit?Das Bruce?E.?Tonn 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2005,30(3):287-301
This paper evaluates the short-run benefits of research and development (R&D) projects funded by the Automotive Lightweighting Materials (ALM) Program of the Office of FreedomCAR and Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). The six ALM projects evaluated—using qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods—yielded numerous benefits in the short-run. From the qualitative assessment, all met their technical goals, increased intellectual knowledge among the research teams, and led to increased collaboration among DOE, the auto industry, its suppliers, and national laboratories. Moreover, U.S. competitiveness appeared to have increased as a result of each R&D effort. One interesting finding, however, is that most of the participants indicated their firms would not have engaged in the research efforts without DOE funding. If they had engaged in the effort, it would have been with considerably less person time and financial commitment. With respect to quantitative measures, several graduate students were supported by the projects and numerous publications and presentations resulted, although these metrics varied across the ALM R&D projects. 相似文献
279.
This article based, on 38 in-depth interviews with Rotterdam cocaine retail dealers, aims to present a clearer picture of
how cocaine supply lines in the Netherlands are organized in order to fine-tune policy with respect to crime, public order
and safety on the different trade levels. On the retail level the market for cocaine is strictly separated in a market for
crack cocaine versus a market for powder cocaine. The crack dealers are often hard drug users themselves living in relatively
poor circumstances. Although dealing cocaine is their main activity, they tend to be involved in other activities related
to the drug scene, e.g. smuggling cocaine via Amsterdam airport. The cocaine distribution line for supply on the local market
is seldom more than two steps. Because the supply for the Rotterdam cocaine retailers comes mainly from small-scale imports,
successful police operations against large-scale imports of cocaine will have little influence on the local cocaine supply
in the Netherlands. 相似文献
280.
The present study involved a multimethod assessment of impulsivity among 86 men. Using two questionnaires and four performance-based
measures of impulsivity, the factor structure of the impulsivity data was examined. Four constructs that theoretically mediate
the relationship between impulsivity and husband violence (i.e., substance abuse, anger/hostility, marital dissatisfaction,
and psychological abuse) were assessed to examine a mediational model predictive of husband violence. Substance abuse and
marital dissatisfaction mediated the relationship between impulsivity and psychological abuse. Psychological abuse mediated
the relationship between substance abuse and marital dissatisfaction and husband violence. Although anger/hostility was not
a mediator, there were bivariate associations between anger/hostility and impulsivity, psychological abuse, and husband violence.
The results of the regression analyses were virtually identical when controlling for the effect of intelligence on the model
variables. The implications of the findings for the assessment of impulsivity and for future husband violence research are
discussed. 相似文献