谈公安院校素质教育

公安院校大学生要具备过硬的政治素质和相当的军事素养,在身体素质方面更要具有与公安工作相适应的身体对抗性、快速反应性和连续作战的抗疲劳能力。基于公安工作对公安院校大学生在素质方面提出的更高要求,公安院校要加快推进素质教育。     

基本权利的国家保护义务——以德、中两国为审视对象

近代立宪主义以保证"国家不得为非"为目的,现代立宪主义在福利国家等思潮背景下使得现代国家职能大幅扩张,发展出基本权利的国家保护义务。基本权利的防御权功能和客观秩序功能是德国基本权利普遍具有的两项功能,防御权功能为核心功能。现代国家职能基本化约为立法、行政与司法三种职能,国家保护义务相应地表现为立法者制定完善法律的义务;行政权切实执行法律的义务和司法机关提供完善的司法救济义务。国家保护义务存在一定的界限,我国现行宪法在基本权利的规定与现实保障方面存在诸多不足,需加以改善。     

东北地区城镇体系发展的产业支撑体系培育

东北地区城镇体系与产业发展呈现出较强的适应与反馈的互动关联态势,伴随着产业结构的高级化,必将促进东北地区城镇空间结构载体功能强化以及城镇体系发展的外向化,并认为产业空间协调与城市群整合、产业体系重构与地域优化及产业升级与城市职能体系优化等是产业支撑东北地区城镇体系发展的重点。     

Exceptions to Article 226: Alternative Administrative Procedures and the Pursuit of Member States

This article considers the procedures used in EC law to prosecute infringements committed by Member States, in addition to the well-known Article 226 (ex Article 169) EC. It has three purposes. The first is to systematise the main categories of these, to examine the reasons for the creation of these procedures and the interaction among them, using Article 226 as the main point of reference. The basic criterion is the distinction between procedures established by the EC Treaty and procedures established by secondary legislation but without a clear legal basis in the Treaty. The second purpose is to explain why Member States have accepted the development of new procedures, even though they serve to reinforce the Commission's powers. The article argues that this acceptance can be explained, first, by the active participation of Member States, through committees, in the establishment of these procedures; and, secondly, a deliberate strategy to convince Member States, on both a sectoral basis, and a case-by-case basis, by the Commission. The article concludes, however, that the current procedures should be improved and that it is time for them to be realigned and rationalised.     

古巴当前的形势

首先 ,我衷心感谢中国社会科学院国际合作局和拉丁美洲研究所适时倡议并顺利举办这次论坛。记得 5年前我刚到北京就任时 ,最早参加的官方活动之一就是参加类似今天这样的一次会议 ,那次会议使我得以与从事拉美研究的学者和研究员们建立了初步的联系。正因如此 ,我才有幸见证了近 5年来中国人民和拉美人民之间关系的蓬勃发展 ,这一发展对中国和拉美各国人民及其经济都是有利的。近 2 5年来中国举世瞩目的发展及其和平、合作和尊重各国主权的政策已经成为稳定与进步的因素 ,为拉美各国提供了充满希望的机遇。最近 ,胡锦涛主席和曾庆红副主席的…     

Linking Organizational Climate to Work Engagement: A Study in the Healthcare Sector

Using a two-level structural equation approach, this article investigates the links between organizational climate and work engagement in a sample of public hospitals in Italy. Drawing from the Job Demands-Resources model, the model posits a positive association between work engagement and a climate promoting worker’s autonomy, empowerment, and well-being, whereas it suggests that a climate based on efficiency and goal attainment is not favorable for engagement. Results support the hypotheses and suggest that performance based models implemented in recent years as part of public sector reforms are not conducive to engaged workers. Implications for research on work engagement in the public sector and for public management are drawn.     

Converging social justice issues and movements: implications for political actions and research

Abstract

We argue that the multiple contemporary converging crises have significantly altered the context for and object of political contestations around agrarian, climate, environmental and food justice issues. These shifts affect alliances, collaboration and conflict among and between state and social forces, as well as within and between movements and societies. The actual implications and mechanisms by which these changes are happening are empirical questions that need careful investigation. The bulk of our discussion is dedicated to the issue of responses to the crises both by capitalist forces and those adversely affected by the crises, and the implications of these for academic research and political activist work. More specifically, we explore four thematic clusters, namely (1) class and intersectionality; (2) sectoral and multisectoral issues and concerns; (3) importance of immediate, tactical and concrete issues of working people; and (4) links between national and global institutional spaces and political processes. We know only a little about the questions we framed here, but it is just enough to give us the confidence to argue that these questions are areas of inquiry that deserve closer attention in terms of both academic research and political debates and actions.     

Labor market institutions and income inequality: an empirical exploration

This paper presents evidence on the impact of labor regulations on income inequality using a recently published database on labor institutions and outcomes as well as different panel data analysis techniques for a large sample of countries for 1970–2000. When applying our preferred technique we find that both de jure and de facto regulations improve the distribution of income although the former appear to be non-robustly associated with improving income inequality. This result partly reflects the fact that regulations are endogenous and, more interestingly, that different regulation yield distinct effects.     

Allocating Family Responsibilities for Dependent Older People in Mexico and Peru

This paper applies different analytical frameworks to explore processes of family bargaining about providing care for dependent older people in Mexico and Peru. These frameworks include cultural norms, life course effects and material exchange. The paper is based on 19 in-depth qualitative family case studies, which are linked to a wider set of quantitative survey data. Care arrangements and bargaining processes are revealed to be highly gendered, and largely conform to prevailing cultural norms. Rather than neutral and objective, the self-identified role as main carer is found to be subjective and potentially ambiguous. The few men who self-identify as main carers are more likely to play an indirect, organisational role than engage directly in daily care. As such, bargaining mainly relates to which woman performs the main care role, and large family networks mean that there is usually more than one candidate carer. Bargaining can occur inter-generationally and conjugally, but bargaining between siblings is of particular importance. Bargaining is framed by the uncertain trajectory of older people’s care needs, and arrangements are sometimes reconfigured in response to changing care needs or family circumstances. Taking the narratives at face value, the influence of life course effects on bargaining and care arrangements is more obvious than material exchange. There are, however, indications that economic considerations, particularly inheritance, still play an important behind the scenes role.     

再论政府与公共产品的供给

公共产品供给不足同政府转型不足有关,公共服务既能体现社会主义的公正,又能保证市场经济的效率。政府的价值取向与执政理念要确保公共产品的提供。“贫”是相对概念,“亲贫”就是亲民,亲民的政府才是公正的政府,而政府“亲贫”最终也是保持其执政地位必要的。政府是公共产品的主要提供者,政府要从管制走向服务,为普通民众参与公共管理活动、监督政府行为提供了理论基础。