Demonstration of esophageal varices postmortem by gastroesophageal phlebography

The study presents a method for the demonstration of esophageal varices at autopsy by gastroesophageal phlebography. The veins visible on the radiographs were controlled and evaluated by studying the gross appearance of sections of the esophagus at the level of the varicose veins and by histologic examination of the sections. The phlebography was found to be useful in estimating the varicose and normal veins of the esophagus. The study indicates further that the degree of varicosity is not always proportional to the severity of cirrhosis of the liver, and there may be varicose esophageal veins in patients with liver or heart disorders without hepatic cirrhosis.     

Victims' perceptions of police response to domestic violence incidents

This study examined the nature of police response to domestic violence incidents with a focus on the identification of areas of police intervention that female victims of domestic abuse find “most” helpful and “least” helpful. The first part of the study was based on the analysis of a random sample of incident reports of domestic abuse cases recorded in 2000 and 2001. These reports were examined to obtain information about the characteristics of domestic abuse victims and summary information about the incidents of domestic abuse offenses. The second stage of the research study involved a telephone survey conducted with a random sample of fifty female domestic abuse victims who called the police. The study examined female victims' perceptions of how the police responded to the domestic abuse incidents, how helpful or not so helpful victims found the police to be when they responded to their calls, and how their cases were handled by the legal system.     

Job demands, job resources, and burnout among police officers

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between job demands, job resources, and burnout, and to examine if burnout could predict both work and health-related outcomes among police officers. The participants were 223 Norwegian police officers, and data were collected using a questionnaire. The study was part of a national survey of both health care and non-health care professions. The overall level of burnout was low among police officers compared to other occupational groups tested in Norway. Both job demands and job resources were related to burnout, especially work-family pressure was an important predictor for all of the three burnout dimensions. Burnout predicted individual outcomes, such as psychosomatic complaints and satisfaction with life, as well as work outcomes, such as job satisfaction, intention to quit, and organizational commitment. Suggestions for potential interventions to reduce burnout and negative individual and organizational consequences are presented.     

Peter Ebsen, Emissionshandel in Deutschland

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

US Presidential popularity and opportunities to coerce North Korea: a quantitative test 1990 2000

This paper investigates how North Korean behaviour towards boththe United States and South Korea is influenced by the popularityof the American President. The study applies theories relatingto strategic conflict avoidance and signalling to suggest thatthe American President is able to demonstrate a willingnessto use force when he is unpopular and as such is better ableto coerce Pyongyang. Using a time-series model, I demonstratethat the North Koreans become more cooperative towards the UnitedStates in response to decreases in presidential popularity andincreasing levels of US inflation. However, the study also showsthat the North Koreans do not alter their behaviour towardsthe South Koreans in response to low American President Popularityratings. The research, therefore, suggests that the North Koreansbelieve that the United States would be unable to launch a diversionaryattack in response to North Korean behaviour towards the South.This study provides a clear support for the strategic avoidanceof conflict hypothesis and suggests that the American Presidentsare best able to coerce North Korea when they are unpopularat home. Received for publication August 31, 2005. Accepted for publication December 21, 2005.     

对我国流浪儿童教育问题的探讨

本文主要采用定性研究的方法,以作者在各地进行的实地走访、考察为基础,并借鉴有关文献资料,提出以下观点:流浪儿童教育是一个系统工程,需要针对流浪儿童所处的具体情境制订不同的教育方案;从目前我国流浪儿童救助保护机构的现状来看,由于只是在短期内对流浪儿童提供保护教育服务,教育的重点应该是德育,即正确的人生观和价值观的教育;教育的目的应该是在短时期内对被教育者进行正确观点的灌输,以期对流浪儿童发生最有震撼力的影响;为了达到这样的目的,从事流浪儿童教育的教育工作者应该也接受过社会工作的训练。     

试论马克思博士论文中的哲学观

理论界一般认为,马克思在《博士论文》时期仍深陷于德国观念论哲学的泥潭,没有太多的理论建树。笔者则认为,青年马克思在《关于伊壁鸠鲁哲学的笔记》和《德谟克利特的自然哲学和伊壁鸠鲁的自然哲学的差别》写作过程中,通过对伊壁鸠鲁哲学的讨论,已经生发出自己对哲学的全新理解,表达了打算建立一种不同于以往哲学的新哲学的伟大构想。     

公民社会视角下的中国共产党现代化

文章从公民社会视角阐述了中国共产党的现代化,分为三个部分:一是公民社会的概念;二是阐释了选择公民社会角度的缘由;三是公民社会发展对中国共产党现代化的促进作用。     

提高党科学执政能力途径探析

科学执政是中国共产党在总结50多年执政经验和教训的基础上提出的新理念。要长期执政、执好政,必须从中国的实际出发,从宪政的角度来构建我们自己的政治文明,即合理配置国家权力,加强权力监督;完善执政法治环境,严格依法办事;构筑社会公平体系,切实保障人权;注重调查研究、强化科学决策。只有按社会主义宪政要求来科学执政,党才能完成自身历史使命,实现长期执政。     

THE BOOKSHELF

Books reviewed in this article:
G. Andrew Benjamin and Jackie Gollan, Family Evaluation in Custody Litigation: Reducing Risks of Ethical Infractions and Malpractice .