Histologic findings in the lung in sudden infant death

The lungs of 79 children who had died between the ages of 1 week and 2 years old were histologically examined. 59 of these children could be categorized as cases of Sudden Infant Death because of the history and postmortem findings. In the remaining 20 cases a definite cause of death could be established. This is the same collective on which the histological investigations of the lymphatic tissue has been carried out. Morphological changes which are typical for a virus pneumonia were found in a substantially higher frequency in the cases of Sudden Infant Death than in the control cases. The validity of these findings and their possible significance for the cause of death are discussed.     

构建中国特色公安哲学的基本立足点

随着中国的崛起,国家安全结构和经济利益格局正在发生改变,中国公安面临一些矛盾和压力是显而易见的.党的十六届四中全会提出构建社会主义和谐社会的目标,全国"二十公"提出重视社会科学在公安工作中的运用,加强公安理论研究,为公安工作的长远发展提供理论支撑的要求,为构建中国特色公安哲学创造了条件,提供了可能.构建中国特色公安哲学,一要坚持马克思主义观点,立足于中华文化主体性;二要以推动建立一个和谐社会为长远目标;三要善于发掘和运用中华文化中的哲学理念;四要追求"天下太平""和谐"的社会理想主义;五要将以人为本的社会关怀作为中国公安哲学的伦理基础.     

The individuality of fibres used to provide forensic evidence--not all blue polyesters are the same.

Fibres used in forensic casework suffer from a disadvantage common to other forms of trace evidence--it is not possible to state with absolute certainty that they originate from a specific source. Target fibre studies, population studies and research on 'blocks of colour' have effectively demonstrated the polymorphism of textile fibres (particularly man-made ones) and have shown that when a fibre is believed to have a specific putative source, the chance that it has originated from a different source purely by coincidence is extremely remote. A study by Houck MM (Houck MM, Inter-comparison of unrelated fibre evidence. Forensic Science International 2003; 135: 146-149) has shown that no coincidental matching fibres were recovered from items of clothing examined in 20 unrelated crimes. The study involved over two million comparisons. This work goes a step further, and using the example of blue polyester fibres shows that even within a very narrow segment of the whole general fibre population, many examples of a specific colour/type of man-made fibre taken from random sources can be compared and the chance of any two being the same is very low. These studies should help to show the specificity and value of transferred fibres in providing forensic evidence.     

Doctors in Extremity

Book Reviews in This Article:
Robert Jay Lifton, The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide.
Eric Stovcr and Elena O. Nightingak, eds., The Breaking of Bodies and Minds: Torture, Psychiatric Abuse and the Health Professions.
Elliot S. Valenstein, Great and Desperate Cures: The Rise and Decline of Psychosurgery and Other Related Treatments for Mental Illness.     

Family Context and Childhood Adjustment Associated with Intrafamilial Unwanted Sexual Attention

Unwanted sexual attention (UWSA) encompasses unsolicited verbal comments, gestures, stares, and other noncontact behaviors made regarding one's sexuality and physical appearance. The present study examined the correlates and impact of such UWSA perpetrated toward girls by family members. The first objective of the study was to explore whether family climate is associated with intrafamilial UWSA. This included looking at three types of dysfunctional parenting styles (unaffectionate, unavailable, and patriarchal) as well as exploring the co-occurrence of UWSA by adult and child relatives. The second objective was to then measure the impact of such intrafamilial UWSA on childhood emotional health, after controlling for parenting style and the experience of more traditional forms of child sexual abuse (CSA). Of the 296 university women (mean age = 19) who participated in the study, 70% (N = 206) reported UWSA from a family member prior to age 18. Whereas each dysfunctional parenting style was related to presence of UWSA, a simultaneous multiple regression analysis indicated that two of the parenting styles, patriarchal and parental unavailability, also predicted frequency of nonphysical UWSA within the family. Presence of UWSA from a child relative was significantly correlated with presence of UWSA from an adult relative. Additionally, a hierarchical multiple regression, entering the three parenting styles simultaneously in the first step, childhood sexual abuse in the second step, and familial UWSA in the last step, indicated that the frequency of UWSA by family members significantly predicted poorer childhood mental health when controlling for the other variables. Overall, results indicate that while the specific parenting styles which co-occur with UWSA may be detrimental in their own right, the impact of UWSA on girls appears to be above and beyond that of either parenting styles or CSA. Clinical implications are discussed.     

俄罗斯进口制度、交易成本与进口替代效果

从进口政策分析可以看出,俄罗斯确实存在通过非关税障碍与禁止性关税来保护本国幼稚产业的做法。但是,从进口结构与进口替代贡献率的实证研究,可以看出并未达到预期的效果。失败的主要因素,除因消费者偏好及进口需求弹性很大外,尚有国内整体投资环境恶劣、相关法令配套措施缺乏及政策执行力差的问题,导致产生“雁行逆转效应”。并因此形成庞大的交易成本,巨大的社会损失,造成资源的浪费与社会的严重不公平。     

现代产权与绿色会计

当前,我国已将可持续发展确定为实现我国社会、经济、环境协调发展的基本战略目标.要实现可持续发展,就必须解决传统产权分配的不公平和会计核算的不准确问题;必须立足现代产权关系,在产权重新界定的基础上,建立透明、公正、健康的可持续发展绿色会计体系.