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251.
Andrea Di Liddo 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2018,45(1):81-125
A monopolist sells a luxury genuine product which can be illegally copied and sold by a competitive fringe of counterfeiters. Fines imposed on caught counterfeiters are pocketed by the genuine firm. We prove that if production costs are low, then the genuine manufacturer would lobbying for high penalties so that counterfeiters should be thrown out of the market. In this case, the presence of counterfeiters does not provide any benefit to the producer of the original product. Whenever the production cost is neither too high nor too low, the optimal fine guarantees a positive demand for the genuine product as well as for the fake; the genuine producer is better off than in a world without counterfeiters. If production costs are too high, the genuine firm has no more incentive to produce. Its remaining goal is to collect penalty money from counterfeiters. Again, the presence of counterfeiters provides a benefit to the genuine manufacturer. Finally, a comparison between full protection and null protection policies is performed. 相似文献
252.
Andrea Festa 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2014,38(1):117-137
In this paper I overview the legislative framework, referred to the Italian policies of tax relief on labour income and Fiscalizzazione, then I investigate the impact of the tax wedge on regional employment in Italy. The results show a negative effect, especially in the northern regions, due to the presence of a developed decentralized bargaining level that may lead to mechanisms of real wage resistance with negative consequences on employment, not only in the short term. The evidence suggests a differentiated effect not only among regions but also among sectors that might suggests to focus these policies on regions and sectors where the effect of the tax wedge on employment is greater, other than to promote the development of a second-level bargaining even in the South that could take into account local labour productivity changes. 相似文献
253.
Andrea Rigon 《Development in Practice》2018,28(2):195-207
Improving the well-being of Nigerians is the aim of Nigeria Vision 20:2020, the key development policy document in Nigeria. However, as well-being is an emerging and contested concept, this article explores how the well-being of urban citizens is understood in Nigeria, and identifies key trends affecting urban well-being as expressed by a selection of strategic elite stakeholders in Nigerian society. These included senior civil servants and politicians, and various senior members of civil society groups and academia. The analysis also reveals characteristics underpinning policies for urban well-being. 相似文献
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Andrea Brighenti 《Law and Critique》2006,17(1):47-71
Neither in contemporary sociology nor in legal theory is much attention paid to the theoretical object of commands. This paper
explores some features of commands that tend to remain largely invisible in social action, as well as largely under-theorized
in the scholarly literature. The analysis draws on early reflection by Elias Canetti and tries to clarify the dynamics of
the relationship between law and commands from a sociological perspective. The main claim is that command cannot be reduced
to a linguistic entity, but has to be considered in the more complex frame of a direct relationship among subjects and their
bodies within a shared space. Explanation of commands is made even more difficult by the fact that they take place in a space
that is located ambiguously in between the realm of the subjective and that of the objective, in between passions and institutions.
I would like to thank all those who gave me their important and valuable comments to improve earlier versions of this text:
Rod Macdonald, Robert Leckey, Giolo Fele, Maria Paola Mittica, Ivan Pupolizio, Isacco Turina, and one anonymous editorial
reviewer. 相似文献
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Andrea Loux Jarman 《The Journal of legal history》2013,34(2):207-232
Rights of access to land in Scotland for community and public use became increasingly politicised in the nineteenth century. In test cases brought by both landowners and access campaigners, they were subject to determination by the Court of Session. This article examines the doctrinal developments in the area of customary rights in nineteenth-century Scotland, and the legal and political context in which those doctrines emerged. The decisions were made against a background of reaction against the abuse of privileges by burgh governors and superiors, on the one hand, and the movement for greater public access to land on the other. It is argued that the judges of the Court of Session based their decisions, in part, on judicial values regarding the value of test case litigation and the constitutional function of the court, as well as the sanctity of private property. 相似文献