全文获取类型
收费全文 | 508篇 |
免费 | 10篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 22篇 |
工人农民 | 10篇 |
世界政治 | 72篇 |
外交国际关系 | 17篇 |
法律 | 221篇 |
中国政治 | 2篇 |
政治理论 | 171篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 10篇 |
2016年 | 7篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 69篇 |
2012年 | 17篇 |
2011年 | 9篇 |
2010年 | 9篇 |
2009年 | 8篇 |
2008年 | 11篇 |
2007年 | 14篇 |
2006年 | 15篇 |
2005年 | 15篇 |
2004年 | 11篇 |
2003年 | 10篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 12篇 |
2000年 | 12篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 7篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 12篇 |
1993年 | 17篇 |
1992年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 12篇 |
1990年 | 5篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 9篇 |
1974年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 6篇 |
1969年 | 5篇 |
1965年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有518条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
21.
Cultural Penetration and Punctuated Policy Change: Explaining the Evolution of U.S. Energy Policy 下载免费PDF全文
Punctuated equilibrium theory (PET) suggests that the policy process is characterized by long periods of incremental change and short periods of punctuated change. The impetus for the latter is usually a focusing event that breaks open policy monopolies, allowing for major changes in legislative decision making. While a burgeoning body of literature, a shortcoming in the PET literature is that it has yet to explain why focusing events and subsequent breakdowns in policy monopolies sometimes fail to result in punctuated policy. We integrate theories on cultural change with punctuated equilibrium to explain why focusing events do not always result in the dramatic policy changes that we might expect. Specifically, we use the context of national energy policy and the lexical database, Google Ngram Viewer, to trace punctuating energy‐related events and the occurrence or lack thereof subsequent policy change from 1952 to 2000. 相似文献
22.
One must take country-specific institutional features into account when analyzing former communist countries’ transformation process to new political institutions. We do so for post-communist Albania, where the regional and cultural polarization that has existed for centuries has evolved to clientelism in the new democracy. We show how clientelistic parties give rise to very particular voting patterns. These reveal major differences across regions not only in party choice but also in voters’ responses to government policies. These responses depend on the party in government and on the region concerned. This is in sharp contrast with results obtained when applying the same model to a large number of more advanced democracies with similar electoral institutions. A proper evaluation of democratization in Albania thus requires looking beyond the formal institutions governing elections and taking clientelism and its effect on voter behavior into account. 相似文献
23.
Humphrey Bowman Clive Garsia Arthur Longmore H. M. Burton Norman Bentwich Hugh Scott 《亚洲事务》2013,44(3-4):249-282
Arabic Edition of the British Council Map of Europe and the Middle East. Scale 1: 11,000,000. Royal Geographical Society Iraq Irrigation Handbook: Part I. Euphrates. Compiled by Ahmed Sousa, under the direction of J. D. Atkinson. Published at Baghdad by the Government of Iraq, 1944. 10” × 7”. Pp. in, with 35 tables, 18 figures and 1 plate, also, in a portfolio 15” × 14”, 16 other plates. Price not stated. Jenghis Khan. By W. Yan. Hutchinson International Authors, Ltd. 9s. 6d. From Tunisia to Normandy. By Major‐General H. Rowan‐Robinson, C.B., C.M.G., D.S.O. Hutchinsoh. Defence is Our Business. By Brigadier J. G. Smyth, V.C., M.C. Hutchinson and Co. 10s. 6d. Anna and the King of Siam. By Margaret Landon. Illustrated by Margaret Ayer. John Day Co., New York. Pp. 391. The Modern Prison System of India. By Lieut.‐Colonel F. A. Barker, C.I.E., O.B.E., M.A., M.D., B.C., I.M.S. (Retd.). Fabian Colonial Essays. With an Introduction by A. Creech Jones, M.P., and edited by Dr. Rita Hinden. Geo. Allen and Unwin. Pp. 261. 8s. 6d. 1945. Modern Exploration. F. Kingdon Ward. 124 pp. Published by Jonathan Cape at 6s. 相似文献
24.
25.
26.
Arthur Kroeger 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》1996,39(4):457-468
Abstract: Policy development in the federal government has been characterized by certain constants such as the prominent role of the Department of Finance, Canada's regionalism, and the perennial issue of national unity. Within this framework, however, it is striking how much policy development processes have varied according to who the prime minister was at a particular time. Lester Pearson's years were characterized by “departmental government”: ministers and their departments had considerable autonomy, and matters were brought to cabinet only when they were ripe for decision. The advantages of this system were to some degree offset by a lack of coherence in government operations during this period. Under Pierre Trudeau, there was a major effort to bring systematic approaches to bear on government decisions, with a concomitant increase in the role of the Privy Council Office (PCO). Collective decision-making took up considerably more of ministers' time and left them less time for the management of their departments. The system was found by many to be cumbersome, although some degree of centralization was undoubtedly a necessary response to the growing complexity of government. Brian Mulroney's years, on the other hand, were characterized by a considerable absence of system, supplemented by frequent direct interventions by the pco in operational matters across government. It is not easy to assess these different systems by examining the quality of the decisions that were made under the different prime ministers. Experience illustrates the difficulty of striking the right balance between central direction and ministerial autonomy. The effort must nevertheless be made under each government, with due regard for the lessons of the past. Sommaire: L'élaboration des politiques au gouvernement fédéral se caractérise par certaines constantes telles que le rôle dominant du ministère des Finances, le régionalisme du Canada et l'étemelle question de l'unité nationale. Or, à l'intérieur de ce cadre, il est frappant de constater combien les méthodes d'élaboration des politiques varient en fonction du premier ministre en poste. Les années Lester Pearson se distinguent par le « gouvernement ministériel «, c'est-à-dire que les ministres et leurs ministères avaient une autonomie considérable et ne présentaient les questions au Cabinet qu'au moment de la prise de décision. Les avantages d'une telle démarcheont été quelque peu neutralisés par le manque de cohésion des activitiés du gouvernement à cette époque. Sous Pierre Trudeau, on s'est efforcé de systématiser la manière de prendre les décisions gouvernementales, le Bureau du Conseil Privé (BCP) voyant son rôle s'accroître simultanément. Les prises de décision selon un mode collectif prenaient aux ministres un temps considérable, ce qui leur en laissait moins pour diriger leurs ministères. Beaucoup trouvaient la démarche difficile bien qu'une certaine centralisation s'imposait à la suite de la complexité croissante du gouvernement. Les années Brian Mulroney se caractérisent, pour leur part, par un manque considérable de méthode ponctué par de fréquentes interventions directes du BCP dans les affaires de tout le gouvernement. II n'est pas simple d'évaluer ces différentes périodes en examinant la qualité des décisions prises sous chaque premier ministre. L'expérience montre combien il est difficile de trouver le juste équilibre entre la direction centrale et l'autonomie des ministères. II faut néanmoins, sous chaque gouvernement, faire un effort en ce sens en tenant compte des leçons du passé. 相似文献
27.
He has written widely on popular culture. Among his books are Agit-Pop: Political Culture and Communication Theory; Reading Matter: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Material Culture;
Political Culture and Public Opinion;and An Anatomy of Humor;all published by Transaction. 相似文献
28.
29.
Nancy J. Bell Arthur W. Avery David Jenkins Jason Feld Carol J. Schoenrock 《Journal of youth and adolescence》1985,14(2):109-119
Data from a large sample of late adolescents was used to examine associations between family relationships (reported closeness to parents and siblings) and perceived social competence. Significant positive relationships were found between family bonds and the social competence measures, which included social self-esteem, instrumentality, expressiveness, shyness, and degree of satisfaction/ease in same- and opposite-sex peer relationships. There was no evidence of differential effects of sibling versus parent relationships upon adolescent social competence.This project was supported by NIMH Grant 5 R01 MH34570.Received Ph.D. from Northwestern University. 相似文献
30.
Over the past two decades states have significantly increased their use of competitive bidding to purchase health and social services from private agencies. Competitive contracting is thought to facilitate program administration, to reduce costs, and to increase the quality of delivered services. We evaluate these claims in light of Massachusetts' experience with competitive contracting for mental health care. We find that few of the expected benefits are achieved. In practice, supposedly competitive bidding systems often degenerate into administratively complicated negotiations between the state and private monopolies. This results in higher costs and lower quality of services. In light of this negative assessment, three strategies for reform are proposed and evaluated. 相似文献