Neuropsychological Correlates of Anger,Hostility, and Relationship-Relevant Distortions in Thinking among Partner Violent Men

Prior research has demonstrated that perpetrators of intimate partner violence (IPV) display poorer performance than controls on neuropsychological tests of executive functioning (EF) and impulsivity (Imp). In a treatment-seeking sample of 80 partner-violent men, the current study examined EF and Imp as correlates of anger-reactivity, cognitive distortions, irrational beliefs, anger expression, anger control, hostility, and abusive relationship behavior. Executive functioning had significant inverse associations with cognitive distortions, irrational beliefs, and anger-reactivity assessed during anger induction using the Articulated Thoughts within Simulated Situations (ATSS) paradigm, and with global self-reports of anger expression and general hostility. Impulsivity was positively associated with cognitive distortions, irrational beliefs, and anger-reactivity on the ATSS. No significant associations were found between neuropsychological functioning and anger control or self-reported levels of physical assault and psychological aggression. Limitations in neuropsychological functioning among IPV perpetrators are associated with distorted cognitive processing of negative relationship stimuli and difficulties with anger reactivity, anger expression, and general hostility.     

Is it a foundation?

Jersey is the most recent jurisdiction to have prepared a comprehensivedraft of foundation legislation and, subject to completion ofthe legislative process, the law may well be approved this year.This article deals with the legal challenges faced when a commonlaw jurisdiction attempts to incorporate a traditional civillaw entity into a suitable common law format.     

中国安全挑战和大战略的演变

自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来,在中国安全观和大战略的发展演化进程中,既有历史连续性的一面,也有发展变化的一面。其中变化性更为明显,主要体现在中国的实力大幅度提高,其面临的国际环境也发生了深刻的变革,而这种双重变化影响了中国历任领导人为保障政权安全对大战略所做出的巨大战略抉择。在长达数十年的冷战时期,中国相对弱小,面对强大对手的严峻军事威胁居于绝对弱势,因此中国共产党人在很大程度上采用了以应对明确外部安全威胁为中心的大战略。与此形成鲜明对比的是,冷战结束后,特别是进入21世纪后,中国日益强大,但面临的国内国际问题日益复杂化,中国领导人在大战略抉择中面临着新的挑战。在这样的环境下,中国成立中央国家安全委员会具有重大意义。21世纪中国面临国内外新的安全挑战,这是冷战时期国际秩序终结的结果,这也是中国1979年以来现代化事业取得成功的结果。     

The Law Lords and Human Rights

This article presents an empirical analysis of the impact of the Human Rights Act on the House of Lords. Drawing on a database of judgments from 1994 to 2007, changes in judgment‐giving behaviour are identified by charting patterns of agreement and dissent across different categories of case. Voting records are also examined in order to identify whether significant differences exist between individual Law Lords in their approach to human rights cases.     

Measurement of police cynicism: A factor scaling approach

Niederhoffer's police cynicism index is assessed in an attempt to identify and refine specific dimensions of police cynicism. Through a principal component factor analysis, a three-factor structure was identified. Three factor scales were developed, and their internal consistency, reliability, and predictive validity were compared with those of the original index. Overall, although less reliable, the factor scales proved to be more powerful predictors of salient criterion variables and to offer greater conceptual clarity in studying the effects of police cynicism.     

Escaping loneliness in adolescence: The case for androgyny

The purpose of the present study was to assess the relationship between sex-role orientation and loneliness in adolescence. Two hundred and twenty-five junior and senior high school students completed the Bem Sex Role Inventory Short Form (Bem, 1981) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russell et al., 1978). Results indicated that androgynous individuals were significantly less lonely than masculine, feminine, and undifferentiated individuals. An assessment of the independent contributions of masculinity and femininity indicated that both masculinity and femininity significantly predicted loneliness. Additional analysis revealed that the impact of sex-role orientation on loneliness varied by sex and tended to be greater for males than females. The need to further examine the relationship between androgyny, sex-role development, and adjustment in adolescence is discussed.Received his M.S. and Ph.D. in human development and family studies from The Pennsylvania State University. Research interests are social competence, interpersonal skills development, and adjustment.     

The commitment of delinquents to their misdeeds: A re-examination

Do delinquents and nondelinquents adhere to similar or contrasting value systems? The results of a study undertaken to resolve the conflicting conclusions of Sykes and Matzas' studies and those of Cohen, Cloward and Ohlin, and Hindelang are reported. Correlations of participation in delinquent activities and approval or disapproval of those activities indicate that delinquents generally hold “middle class” values, but violate them in a search for excitement.     

Enemy of Humanity: The Anti-Piracy Discourse in Present-Day Anti-Terrorism 1

The impact of the cease fire is addressed by examining the geography of troubles-related fatal incidents since 1985. This provides a period of 9 years both before and after the cease fire for comparison. The substantial decline in violence in Northern Ireland as a whole has a clear geographical pattern, with the rural nonmetropolitan zone experiencing a much steeper fall than Belfast and elsewhere. This is explained in terms of two factors. One is the relative rate of decline of killing by Republicans and Loyalists, while the other is the spatial variability of this decrease for each of these two perpetrator categories.