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151.
The objective of this article is to explore how property seized under the federal civil-judicial forfeiture laws for drug
law violations is proceeded against by the government. The methodology is primarily exploratory. A sample of federal civil-judicial
drug forfeiture cases is described and then analyzed in regard to the relative importance of the cases’ characteristics. The
findings raise serious questions about the use of this policy and the government’s intent behind forfeiture. Implications
and suggestions for future research are also presented. 相似文献
152.
H. George Frederickson Gary Alan Johnson Curtis Wood 《Public administration review》2004,64(3):320-330
Using historical and numerical analysis and the five-part schema, this study finds that over the past 50 years structural modifications and adaptations by American cities have generally followed the standard S curve of the diffusion of innovation. In tests of Kaufman's and Hirshman's theories of epochs of change from representativeness to administrative efficiency, this study determines that mayor-council cities have, in a standard innovation diffusion S curve, adopted many of the key features of council-manager cities, increasing their administrative efficiency. At the same time, council-manager cities, again in an S curve, have adopted many of the key features of mayor-council cities, increasing their political responsiveness. Fewer cities are now either distinctly mayor-council or council-manager in form, and most cities are structurally less distinct, constituting a newly merged or hybrid model of local government—the type III city. 相似文献
153.
W. Wesley Johnson R. Gregory Dunaway Velmer S. Burton James W. Marquait Steven J. Cuvelier 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》1994,18(1):79-93
The increased reliance on community-based correctional programs has been influenced by rising offender populations and the
need for states to lessen prison crowding. The ability of community-based corrections to provide rehabilitation, punishment,
reintegration, and counseling services has been an issue among both researchers and administrators. Some researchers have
asserted that community-based correctional programs have multiple or competing functions. This study examines 1992 legal codes
for all fifty states to determine the legally prescribed goals as mandated by state legislatures. The findings suggest that
rehabilitation is the primary legislatively mandated goal, and that most states have multiple purposes for handling offenders
in the community. Suggestions for future research in the area of community-based corrections goals are made. 相似文献
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Recent studies demonstrated a consistent research finding that compared to Caucasian motorists, Black and Hispanic motorists were significantly more likely to be subjected to personal and/or vehicle searches during traffic stops, but significantly less likely to be found in possession of contraband. Explanations for these findings were typically based on speculation regarding officers' racial animus, bias, and discrimination. Unfortunately, very little is truly known about the reasons for these disparate patterns in police behavior. This article presents an alternative explanation for the reoccurring findings of racial/ethnic disparities in searches and seizures, based on research findings regarding the accuracy of clues of deception and suspicious behavior taught to officers through highway criminal interdiction training. These research findings are used to develop a hypothesis that could account for the patterns of racial/ethnic disparities in search rates. The implications for future research and policing policies based on this hypothesis are discussed. 相似文献
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Deb Johnson 《Development in Practice》2002,12(2):127-137
Many development agencies seek to work on behalf of the 'poor' and the 'poorest of the poor', often creating external definitions of poverty and of people living in poverty that are based on a complex list of things that the poor do not have. There are others who have spearheaded efforts to define poverty based on criteria derived from members of (largely) rural communities, many of whom would be considered poor. All such definitions ultimately result in some type of grouping of people into different categories of 'poor people'. By creating a list of characteristics of poverty, agencies believe that they are better able to target 'the poor' as beneficiaries of interventions to eradicate poverty. This article is intended to challenge development organisations (governmental and non-governmental) to look beyond simple definitions of poverty that are based on static characteristics. It is intended to provoke readers to re-evaluate some of their ideas about definitions of poverty, and to critically examine their agency's role in the business of poverty. 相似文献