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271.
272.
Wendy Kliewer David W. Sosnowski Sawyer Wilkins Katlyn Garr Carolyn Booth Kristina McGuire Anna W. Wright 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2018,47(12):2596-2607
Recent evidence suggests parent-adolescent discrepancies regarding adolescent disclosure can provide insight into parent-child relations and adolescent adjustment. However, pathways linking discrepancies to adjustment are not well known. We tested a model linking parent-adolescent discrepancies in disclosure to adolescent substance use through affiliation with deviant peers. Using three annual waves of data from a community-based study (N?=?357; 91% African American; 53% female; Mage?=?13.13 years, SD?=?1.62 years at baseline), findings revealed that adolescent-reported secrecy and deviant peer affiliation were positively associated with substance use one and two years later, respectively, but there was no evidence of mediation. The results highlight associations of adolescent secrecy and adjustment, and the role peers play in adolescent substance use behaviors. 相似文献
273.
Carolyn M. Hendriks 《Policy Sciences》2009,42(4):341-368
This article explores the complex relationship between democracy and long-term policy design for sustainability. At one extreme,
democracy can be framed as problematic for policy planning because of the myopia fostered by some democratic institutions,
such as regular elections. Alternatively, democracy can be seen as an ally of long-term policy design to the extent that it
can generate public legitimacy and accountability, and potentially foster more equitable and just outcomes. Recent debates
on how to ‘manage’ policy transitions to sustainability have been curiously silent on democratic matters, despite their potential
implications for democracy. To explore what democracy might mean for transition management this article considers empirically
how actors engaged in the Dutch Energy Transition Program make democratic sense of their activities. The analysis finds that
in practice transition policies promote implicit narratives or democratic storylines on how reforms should be developed, who should participate in these, and how they should be legitimised and accountable to
the public. The dominant narrative, which espouses elite theory and technocracy, privileges epistemic matters over democratic
considerations. Other democratic storylines draw on representative democracy and interest group pluralism. The paper considers
some possible ways to foster more productive interfaces between the governance structures of transition management, and the
polycentric context of contemporary democratic systems. 相似文献
274.
Stephen T. Russell Anna Muraco Aarti Subramaniam Carolyn Laub 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(7):891-903
In the field of positive youth development programs, “empowerment” is used interchangeably with youth activism, leadership,
civic participation and self-efficacy. However, few studies have captured what empowerment means to young people in diverse
contexts. This article explores how youth define and experience empowerment in youth-led organizations characterized by social
justice goals: high school Gay-Straight Alliances (GSAs). Through focus group interviews, fifteen youth leaders of GSAs from
different regions of California explain what they think empowerment means and how they became empowered through their involvement
with the GSA. Youth describe three inter-related dimensions of empowerment: personal empowerment, relational empowerment,
and strategic empowerment through having and using knowledge. When these three dimensions are experienced in combination,
GSA leaders have the potential for individual and collective empowerment as agents of social change at school. By understanding
these youth’s perspectives on the meanings of empowerment, this article clarifies the conceptual arena for future studies
of socially marginalized youth and of positive youth development. 相似文献
275.
Cady Berkel Velma McBride Murry Tera R. Hurt Yi-fu Chen Gene H. Brody Ronald L. Simons Carolyn Cutrona Frederick X. Gibbons 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2009,38(2):175-188
Prior research demonstrates negative consequences of racism, however, little is known about community, parenting, and intrapersonal
mechanisms that protect youth. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study illuminated linkages between positive and negative
contextual influences on rural African American adolescent outcomes. Quantitative results provide support for Structural Ecosystems
Theory, in that the influence of discrimination and collective socialization on adolescent outcomes was mediated by racial
socialization and positive parenting. Parenting and community influences contributed to adolescent racial identity and self
image, which protected against common negative responses to racism; including academic underachievement, succumbing to peer
pressure, and aggressive tendencies. Qualitative results indicate that current measures of discrimination may underestimate
adolescents’ experiences. Adolescents reported racist experiences in the domains of school, peers, and with the police (males
only). Moreover, qualitative findings echoed and expanded quantitative results with respect to the importance of the protective
nature of parents and communities.
相似文献
Cady BerkelEmail: |
276.
Jennifer L. Kerpelman Suna Eryigit Carolyn J. Stephens 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(8):997-1008
The current study, using data from 374 African American students (59.4% female) in grades 7–12 attending a rural, southern
county public school, addressed associations of self-efficacy, ethnic identity and parental support with “future education
orientation.” Both gender and current level of achievement distinguished adolescents with differing levels of future education
orientation. The strongest predictors of future education orientation were self-efficacy, ethnic identity and maternal support.
Gender did not moderate these associations. Implications for future research include the need to conduct longitudinal studies
and research that integrates quantitative and qualitative methods to elucidate further the nature and importance of future
education orientation for African American youth. Also needed are policies and programs that facilitate school bonding and
academic performance, as are efforts that focus specifically on enhancing the future education orientation and academic success
of African American male adolescents.
相似文献
Carolyn J. StephensEmail: |
277.
Carolyn A. Durham 《Women's Studies: An inter-disciplinary journal》2013,42(3-4):341-359
By making an embroiderer her central narrative voice and embroidery both the structural and the thematic focus of her most recent novel (Le Passé empiété [The Back Stitch]), Marie Cardinal complements Rozsika Parker's efforts (The Subversive Stitch: Embroidery and the Making of the Feminine) to trace the parallel histories of embroidery and femininity through the novel. For both Parker and Cardinal, embroidery figures the creative tension between conformity and subversion that Cardinal posits as common to all women and that results in Le Passe empiete in a complex reevaluation not only of the female artist herself but of both the traditional and the feminist critical context within which she currently creates. In particular, Cardinal explores the relationship between women's traditional domestic tasks and their artistic production, and she uses the specific qualities of embroidery to rethink common assumptions about literary influence and authority, the writing process, and the mythic tradition. 相似文献
278.
AbstractRecent years have witnessed an entrenchment of restorative justice principles and practices in the youth and adult criminal justice systems of the United Kingdom. This research presents a comparative analysis of the findings of two empirical studies—one of a police restorative cautioning scheme conducted 15 years ago, and the second a contemporary study of youth offender panels. In this research, we argue that restorative justice practices in the United Kingdom are repeating history, rather than learning from it. Specifically, we argue that if restorative justice programs continue to proliferate with the same shortcomings—most notably, inadequate victim involvement, failure to provide a genuine role for the community, and targeting only relatively low-level crime—the future for restorative justice in the United Kingdom is likely to be bleak. 相似文献
279.
Amy T. Schalet John S. Santelli Stephen T. Russell Carolyn T. Halpern Sarah A. Miller Sarah S. Pickering Shoshana K. Goldberg Jennifer M. Hoenig 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2014,43(10):1595-1610
Scientific research has made major contributions to adolescent health by providing insights into factors that influence it and by defining ways to improve it. However, US adolescent sexual and reproductive health policies—particularly sexuality health education policies and programs—have not benefited from the full scope of scientific understanding. From 1998 to 2009, federal funding for sexuality education focused almost exclusively on ineffective and scientifically inaccurate abstinence-only-until-marriage (AOUM) programs. Since 2010, the largest source of federal funding for sexual health education has been the “tier 1” funding of the Office of Adolescent Health’s Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative. To be eligible for such funds, public and private entities must choose from a list of 35 programs that have been designated as “evidence-based” interventions (EBIs), determined based on their effectiveness at preventing teen pregnancies, reducing sexually transmitted infections, or reducing rates of sexual risk behaviors (i.e., sexual activity, contraceptive use, or number of partners). Although the transition from primarily AOUM to EBI is important progress, this definition of evidence is narrow and ignores factors known to play key roles in adolescent sexual and reproductive health. Important bodies of evidence are not treated as part of the essential evidence base, including research on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth; gender; and economic inequalities and health. These bodies of evidence underscore the need for sexual health education to approach adolescent sexuality holistically, to be inclusive of all youth, and to address and mitigate the impact of structural inequities. We provide recommendations to improve US sexual health education and to strengthen the translation of science into programs and policy. 相似文献
280.
Wiener RL Winick BJ Georges LS Castro A 《International journal of law and psychiatry》2010,33(5-6):417-427
Recent years have seen a proliferation of problem solving courts designed to rehabilitate certain classes of offenders and thereby resolve the underlying problems that led to their court involvement in the first place. Some commentators have reacted positively to these courts, considering them an extension of the philosophy and logic of Therapeutic Jurisprudence, but others show concern that the discourse surrounding these specialty courts has not examined their process or outcomes critically enough. This paper examines that criticism from historical and social scientific perspectives. The analysis culminates in a model that describes how offenders are likely to respond to the process as they engage in problem solving court programs and the ways in which those courts might impact subsequent offender conduct. This Therapeutic Jurisprudence model of problem solving courts draws heavily on social cognitive psychology and more specifically on theories of procedural justice, motivation, and anticipated emotion to offer an explanation of how offenders respond to these programs. We offer this model as a lens through which social scientists can begin to address the concern that there is not enough critical analysis of the process and outcome of these courts. Applying this model to specialty courts constitutes an important step in critically examining the contribution of problem solving courts. 相似文献