Exploring the Determinants of the Entry and Exit of Ministers in Korea: 1980–2008

The entry and exit of ministers has been of primary interest to students of political science and public management in Western countries. Responding to the lack of research on the entry and exit of ministers in non‐Western countries, this article examined determinants of both the entrance and exit of ministers in Korea from the life cycle point of view based on the Korean Ministerial Database from 1980 to 2008. We argued that as the Korean presidency shifts from an imperialistic to a democratic presidency, ministerial appointments in Korea also seem to shift from an expertise‐focused to a politics‐focused approach. Likewise, the primary resignation reason also shifts from policy failure to political reasons. We also argued that Korean presidents use their power to reshuffle cabinet ministers too often for their political interests. As a result, Korean ministers spend too little time in post; average tenure is now down to about one year. These short terms in office dilute a minister's ability to dictate departmental policy.     

伊朗宪政革命的思想背景

20世纪初的伊朗宪政革命,既是一场对伊朗近现代历史影响深远的政治运动,也是历时近一个世纪的思想文化启蒙运动的历史高潮。它是在西方教育渗透、早期教育改革、文学改革、新闻出版兴起和西方民主宪政思想传播等思想文化领域发生重大变化的背景下发生的。这些社会思潮的变化对伊朗近现代历史变迁影响至为深远。     

市场经济条件下公民社会监督行政权力的新思考

从公民社会角度出发，审视现阶段行政监督的现状，还存在着监督主体转型缓慢、被监督者制约发展、监督参与渠道尚不完善等障碍性的因素。因此，应以公民社会建设为突破口，从公民、政府和渠道三个角度系统地思考新的建设道路，以完善行政监督模式架构。     

马克思主义信仰的生成机制与本质特征

信仰作为一种依存于信仰对象的精神活动现象,其产生的内驱动力源干主体的信仰需要.就信仰生成与确立的过程而言,"知"的确证、"情"的体验、"意"的保持和"行"的实践等使得马克思主义信仰具有科学认知与科学信仰的统一、科学真理与价值理想的统一、现实运动与终极理想的统一、崇高个人与健全社会的统一等不同于其他信仰的本质特征.     

论“狱侦耳目”制度被滥用的危害及对策

“狱侦耳目”制度被滥用的危害长期以来被人们所忽视.“狱侦耳目”制度作为一项刑侦手段,有可能异化为变相的刑讯逼供,破坏监管秩序,或者引诱犯罪,从而影响司法公正,危及法治的实现和人权的保护.为防止“狱侦耳目”制度被滥用,首先应该在立法层面对此项制度的适用范围作出严格限制;其次法官在司法过程中应对由“狱侦耳目”作出的证人证言谨慎对待,最后即使必须使用“狱侦耳目”,也应对他们进行必要的培训和考试,若有违法行为应追究刑事责任.     

3种哌嗪类药物滥用研究进展

哌嗪类药物N-苄基哌嗪(BZP)、1-(3-氯苯基)哌嗪(mCPP)、1-(3-三氟甲基苯基)哌嗪(TFMPP)具有与MDMA相似的兴奋作用和致幻作用,成了迷幻药的替代品,在各国滥用的报道逐年增多。本文综述了3种哌嗪类药物在各国的管制、滥用情况、毒理作用、检测方法,希望为司法部门打击此类药物犯罪提供参考和借鉴。     

An Empirical Analysis on the Determinants of the Length of Ministerial Tenure in Korea, 1980–2008

ABSTRACT

The study of the length of ministerial tenure has received some attention by scholars of public management in Western countries. Responding to the lack of empirical research on ministerial duration in non-Western countries, this article empirically examines the determinants of ministerial duration based on the Korean Ministerial Database from 1980 to 2008. The empirical findings are as follows. First, being a female minister decreases the probability of stepping down by 1.78 times compared to a male minister. Second, political democratization after 1987 drastically increases the probability of ministerial stepping down by 3.46 times. Third, confirmation hearings after 2005 decrease the probability of ministerial stepping down by 0.53 times. Based on these empirical findings of the analysis, we can identify distinctive characteristics of ministerial duration in Korea. We argue that as the Korean political system shifts from military or authoritarian rule to democratic rule after 1987, a single five-year presidential term may set a political environment for frequent changes of ministers to allocate political spoils.     

荀悦史学思想新探——以历史著述思想为中心

基于对史学职能、作用的深刻理解,荀悦主张恢复建立并完善史官制度,以充分发挥史学鉴戒、致用的作用,此外,还倡议恢复起居注制度.关于历史著述的取材原则,荀悦从"省"和"用"的原则出发提出了有名的"立典有五志"说,其编著<汉纪)始终贯彻着秉笔直书的书史风格,而且还总结出了一套防止著史讹漏的方法,以求尽可能达到历史认识的全面与客观.     

论现场勘验人员的安全防护

现场勘验人员的安全防护理应是现场勘查技术中现场保护的主要研究内容。长期以来,对现场保护的研究只是片面强调了对现场的保护,对现场上痕迹、物品及尸体的保护,而对现场勘验人员的安全防护却仅依靠其自身的生活与工作经验,或只是师徒传承等基础之上的自发、盲目的行为。目前,在现场勘验过程中的人员伤亡事故频频发生,教训屡见不鲜,使得现场勘验人员的安全防护成为现场保护薄弱、滞后的研究领域。现场勘验工作本身就是一个需要全体参与人员相互协作配合的团队工作,现场勘验人员的安全防护自然也概莫能外。