论宏观经济学理论冲突主线内在逻辑及其启示

宏观经济学的发展演变是以20世纪世界经历了的三个特别重要的经济事件,即所谓的世界经济的“大萧条”、“大通胀”和“经济增长的扩散”为现实背景,并由此建构了宏观经济学研究的如何解释大规模持续的失业、货膨胀和什么决定经济增长的三大核心问题。宏观经济学理论冲突的主线是在信奉放任市场运行与信奉政府干预对改善经济运行具有重要意义两个主要的思想流派此消彼长、此起彼伏,又相互吸收与融合的发展过程中形成并凸显出来的。分析宏观经济学演进发展的轨迹,对中国经济学现代化发展的目标、途径和使命等具有深刻的启示。     

Assessing the Impact of Bureaucracy Bashing by Electoral Campaigns

The literature on the implications of electoral "bureaucracy bashing" for public management is thin. This is partly because of the difficulty of defining basic terms and measuring results in meaningful ways. Using focus group data, this article explores how senior federal managers perceive campaign bureaucracy bashing and assess its consequences. The participants perceive that candidate-based bashing affects federal management on two levels: one emotional, the other programmatic. The emotional impact is pronounced, producing frustration and hostility from senior managers toward political candidates, political appointees, and the media. Senior managers report that bashing adversely affects policy implementation through low morale, poor recruitment, and training and by fostering an environment of distrust toward bureaucracy. Grounded in a diverse literature relating to public administration, the presidency, campaigns and elections, and political communication, this inquiry finds that senior managers confirm many of the speculations these works raise about how bashing affects public employees and public policy.     

Locke on the Moral Basis of International Relations

This article aims to focus analysis of Locke's theory of international relations away from the familiar discourse of sovereignty and natural law and toward a different discourse involving self-government and international society. It argues that Locke's conception of international society balanced interrelated, overlapping, and even competing claims about sovereignty and natural law in a normative framework in which the right of self-government replaced the principle of sovereignty as the moral basis of international relations. Thus, for Locke the norms deduced from the law of nature govern the international state of nature even as independent societies remain the primary executors of the law of nature in international society. The article concludes by considering how Locke's reflections on international relations may contribute to our understanding of contemporary debates about sovereignty, the use of force, and the ethics of intervention.     

State Poverty Rates: Do the New Welfare Policies Make a Difference?

This article uses four models to identify the best predictors of state poverty levels and changes in state poverty rates since the implementation of welfare reform. The policy decisions based on the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) by the states are tested along with more traditional variables identified in the literature. Using several measures of state poverty, the analysis finds that those states with the lowest poverty rates are those with the healthiest economies, and the most generous state spending on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). States with the highest percentage of their TANF rolls made up of black citizens tend to have the highest rates of poverty. Initial poverty rates are found to be important in that states with higher initial poverty levels are capable of generating a larger reduction in poverty than states with lower initial rates. With the exception of limited evidence on sanctions, none of the PRWORA–based policies were found to have any effect on poverty rates.     

检察机关信访接待工作中重复访产生的原因及对策

重复信访的多寡能够直接反映出当今社会所聚焦的热点,也可反映出一个单位的工作质量等, 分析其产生的原因,探究对策,对构建和谐社会,促进社会稳定,提高和改进检察机关的工作,推进相关制度的建立,都具有一定的现实意义。     

政府工作信息化--电子政务

文章阐述了什么是电子政务 ,电子政务的基础和存在的问题及电子政务是政府管理的大势所驱。     

Intersectoral differences in public affairs: the duty of public reporting in public administration

Public reporting is a requirement for public affairs practitioners in public administration because of the democratic context in which government operates. By reporting to the public‐at‐large on agency activities, government agencies contributed to an informed citizenry, the essential foundation of a democracy. For public affairs in business administration and non‐profit administration, public reporting is desirable rather than mandatory. Public reporting was traditionally accomplished indirectly, through news media coverage of government. However, recent research suggests a diminution of interest by the media in fulfilling its role as an instrument of democracy. This means that the public reporting obligation of public affairs professionals in public administration needs to shift to direct reporting, through such products as annual reports, newsletters, TV programmes, Internet websites etc. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications.     

浅谈图书馆藏建设与利用价值

图书作为一种人文载体 ,推动着人类社会的文明、进步与发展。由于珍贵书籍是不可再生的资源 ,因而注重馆藏文献的整理及合理利用、开发藏书的潜在价值 ,是馆藏建设的紧迫任务及其重要内容