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Colorado’s Amendment 36 proposed to switch Colorado’s representation in the Electoral College from winner-takes-all to proportionality. We evaluate unilateral and uniform switches to proportionality both from Colorado’s perspective and from an impartial perspective on the basis of a priori and a posteriori voting power measures. The present system is to be preferred to a unilateral switch from any perspective on any measure. A uniform switch is to be preferred to the present system from Colorado’s perspective on an a priori measure, and from an impartial perspective on an a posteriori measure. The present system is to be preferred to a uniform switch from Colorado’s perspective on an a posteriori measure (with some qualifications), and from an impartial perspective on an a priori measure. We conclude with a discussion of the appropriateness of these measures. 相似文献
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The article deals with some facets of the phenomenon of the underdetermination of meaning by (linguistic) data which are particularly
relevant for textual exegesis in the historico-philological disciplines. The paper attempts to demonstrate that lack of relevant
information is by no means the only important reason why certain issues of interpretation cannot be definitely settled by
means of traditional philological methods but that the objective nonexistence of pertinent data is equally significant. It
is claimed that the phenomenon of objective under-determination possesses among others two major consequences: (1) A strict
separation between the exploration of the history of (Indian) philosophy and philosophical criticism is theoretically incorrect.
(2) Transference of indeterminacy and vagueness to the target langue in translations of textual sources is not only legitimate
but sometimes most appropriate. Presumably the relevance of the discussed issues is not strictly confined to the area of Indian
philosophy. 相似文献
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Sanchez JJ Brión M Parson W Blanco-Verea AJ Børsting C Lareu M Niederstätter H Oberacher H Morling N Carracedo A 《Forensic science international》2004,140(2-3):241-250
In the present study, we demonstrate that two commonly used Y-chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), P25 and 92R7, are paralogous sequence variants (PSVs) originating from segmental duplications and that at least one of the sequence variants in each group of loci is polymorphic. Several methodologies were used in order to detect the SNP alleles and the PSVs of the loci. All results obtained with the various typing techniques supported the conclusion. The allele distributions of the binary markers were analysed in more than 600 males with seven different haplogroups. For P25, the ancestral allele C was found in several samples from different haplogroups. The derived allele A was always present with an additional C variant. Haplogroup P was defined by the derived allele A at the 92R7 locus. However, the ancestral allele G was always associated with an A variant due to the duplication. 相似文献
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A vast academic literature illustrates that voter turnout is affected by the institutional design of elections (e.g., compulsory voting, electoral system, postal or Sunday voting). In this article, we exploit a simple Downsian theoretical framework to argue that the institutional framework of public good provision—and, in particular, the distribution of political and administrative competences across government levels—likewise affects voters’ turnout decisions by influencing the expected net benefit of voting. Empirically, we exploit the institutional variation across German municipalities to test this proposition, and find supportive evidence. 相似文献