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191.
The Utility of Skeletal and Surgical Features for the Personal Identification Process: A Pilot Study
Annalisa Cappella B.Sc. Ph.D. Daniele Gibelli M.D. Ph.D. Zuzana Obertová M.Sc. Ph.D. Marco Cummaudo B.Sc. M.A. Elisa Castoldi M.Sc. Ph.D. Danilo De Angelis M.D. Chiarella Sforza M.D. Cristina Cattaneo M.D. B.Sc. M.A. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2019,64(6):1796-1802
This pilot study provides a conceptual framework for the application of the anthropological analysis of skeletal features and surgical interventions for the purpose of identification in cases of unknown deceased individuals with unavailable fingerprint, genetic or odontological antemortem data. The study sample includes 276 individuals with known demographic and clinical information from the Italian CAL Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection. In the sample, 124 (45%) individuals showed one or more skeletal features that may be potentially individualizing. Of these, 79% showed two and more features, which occurred in a multitude of different combinations. Skeletal findings may provide useful postmortem information that can be compared with antemortem witness statements and clinical imaging. However, more research into the utility of dry bone findings and the availability of comparative material, including imaging, and epidemiological data needs to be undertaken before skeletal features can be implemented into identification protocols and databases. 相似文献
192.
Cristina Escobar 《Democratization》2015,22(5):927-950
In order to explain non-citizen enfranchisement in Latin America, this article takes into account three dimensions: domestic (citizenship tradition, immigration levels, internal politics), global (international and bilateral agreements, human rights discourse) and regional (common markets, diffusion, geopolitics). The article identifies two main modalities: from the early twentieth century to the 1980s, when democracy was not a necessary condition and when national factors prevailed. Starting in the 1990s, democratization in Latin America has brought a new wave of non-citizen enfranchisement, this time with more influence of global and regional factors and, in various cases, in connection with external voting rights. 相似文献
193.
Surface Curvature of Pelvic Joints from Three Laser Scanners: Separating Anatomy from Measurement Error 下载免费PDF全文
Chiara Villa Ph.D. Daniel Gaudio Ph.D. Cristina Cattaneo M.D. Ph.D. Jo Buckberry Ph.D. Andrew S. Wilson Ph.D. Niels Lynnerup M.D. Ph.D. D.M.Sc. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(2):374-381
Recent studies have reported that quantifying symphyseal and auricular surface curvature changes on 3D models acquired by laser scanners has a potential for age estimation. However, no tests have been carried out to evaluate the repeatability of the results between different laser scanners. 3D models of the two pelvic joints were generated using three laser scanners (Custom, Faro, and Minolta). The surface curvature, the surface area, and the distance between co‐registered meshes were investigated. Close results were found for surface areas (differences between 0.3% and 2.4%) and for distance deviations (average <20 μm, SD <200 μm). The curvature values were found to be systematically biased between different laser scanners, but still showing similar trends with increasing phases/scores. Applying a smoothing factor to the 3D models, it was possible to separate anatomy from the measurement error of each instrument, so that similar curvature values could be obtained (p < 0.05) independent of the specific laser scanner. 相似文献
194.
Associations between Exposure to Alienating Behaviors,Anxiety, and Depression in an Italian Sample of Adults 下载免费PDF全文
Maria Cristina Verrocchio Psy.D. Amy J. L. Baker Ph.D. William Bernet M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(3):692-698
The aim of this study was to examine associations between exposure to alienating behaviors (ABs) and anxiety and depression as mediated through psychological maltreatment and parental bonding in a sample of Italian adults in the community. Five hundred and nine adults were given a measure of exposure to ABs, the Baker Strategy Questionnaire; the Psychological Maltreatment Measure; the Parental Bonding Instrument; the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory‐Y; and the Beck Depression Inventory‐II. Exposure to ABs was associated with psychological maltreatment, which was associated with parental bonding, which was associated with each of the three mental health outcomes: depression, state anxiety, and trait anxiety. The authors conclude that exposure to ABs in childhood represents a risk factor for subsequent poor mental health. 相似文献
195.
Pedro Pechorro Brittany Gentile James V. Ray Cristina Nunes Rui Abrunhosa Gonçalves 《心理学、犯罪与法律》2016,22(5):495-511
The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) and two of its short forms (NPI-16 and NPI-13) among a Portuguese sample of male incarcerated juvenile offenders (N?=?221). Of these, only the NPI-13 short version demonstrated a good fit in terms of its factor structure. The NPI-13 also showed promising psychometric properties in terms of its internal consistency, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and criterion-related validity. Statistically significant associations were found with age of crime onset, crime seriousness, conduct disorder symptoms, alcohol abuse, and cannabis use. These findings justify the use of the NPI-13, especially its Entitlement/Exploitativeness dimension, among incarcerated male youths. 相似文献
196.
Colombo Massimo G. Guerini Massimiliano Rossi-Lamastra Cristina Bonaccorsi Andrea 《The Journal of Technology Transfer》2022,47(1):270-306
The Journal of Technology Transfer - This paper studies the collaborations between entrepreneurial ventures and universities by investigating the “first match”, namely, the probability... 相似文献
197.
Lucie Biehler‐Gomez M.S. Emanuela Maderna Ph.D. Gloria Brescia M.S. Valentina Caruso Ph.D. Agostino Rizzi B.Sc. Cristina Cattaneo M.D. Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2019,64(3):839-844
Atherosclerotic calcifications, as calcified atheromatous elements, are markers of cardiovascular disease. However, the literature gives little information regarding their morphological aspect, making their identification very rare in skeletonized cases. In this paper, we document the morphological, histological, and SEM aspects of atherosclerotic plaques collected from unclaimed cemeterial skeletal remains from an identified osteological collection and extracted from well‐preserved cadavers autopsied at the medico‐legal institute of Milan. Each of the three analyses provided similar results: atherosclerotic calcifications are convex‐concave plaques with a stratified structure, a pale‐yellow coloration in autopsy cases and yellow to brown when recovered in dry bone. Histologically, undecalcified and decalcified sections showed a stratified aspect formed by superimposed layers. Lastly, the SEM analysis showed a precise view of the stratified structure of the plaques in transverse section. As markers of disease, atherosclerotic calcifications can provide important antemortem information on the deceased that may be compared to antemortem data. 相似文献
198.
Assessment of the Effects Exerted by Acid and Alkaline Solutions on Bone: Is Chemistry the Answer? 下载免费PDF全文
Alberto Amadasi M.D. Arianna Camici B.Sc. Davide Porta B.Sc. Lucia Cucca B.A. Daniele Merli Ph.D. Chiara Milanese Ph.D. Antonella Profumo Ph.D. Nabila Rassifi B.A. Cristina Cattaneo Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(5):1297-1303
The treatment of corpses with extremely acid or basic liquids is sometimes performed in criminal contexts. A thorough characterization by chemical analysis may provide further help to macroscopic and microscopic analysis; 63 porcine bone samples were treated with solutions at different pH (1–14) for immersion periods up to 70 days, as well as in extremely acidic sulfuric acid solutions (9 M/18 M) and extremely basic sodium hydroxide. Inductively coupled optical emission spectrometry (ICP‐OES)/plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX), X‐ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that only the sulfuric acid solution 18 M was able to completely dissolve the sample. In addition, chemical analysis allowed to recognize the contact between bone and substances. Hydrated calcium sulfate arose from extreme pH. The possibility of detecting the presence of human material within the residual solution was demonstrated, especially with FT‐IR, ICP‐OES, and EDX. 相似文献