Budgeting for Accountability: A Comparative Study of Budget Reforms in the United States during the Progressive Era and in Contemporary China

Budgeting is an important mechanism for ensuring public accountability. How do budget reforms in the United States during the Progressive Era compare to those in contemporary China? Are administrative and legislative budget controls essential to an effective, efficient government? Though the two countries differ in many respects, significant parallels between their budget reforms are evident. In the United States, electoral accountability alone does not guarantee overall government accountability if proper budgetary institutions are absent. China's recent budget reform reveals that it is possible to develop accountability, absent open elections, but with limitations and constraints. Lessons on budgeting and accountability for other developing and transitional countries are drawn from this comparative study.     

吸毒人员的群体特征:海洛因和新型毒品的比较分析

在我国毒品问题从海洛因向新型毒品演变的背景下,本文使用上海的调查数据,从人口特征、吸毒行为模式、人际交往网络、性行为与艾滋病风险四个方面,对海洛因和新型毒品两类吸毒人员的群体特征进行了系统的比较分析.结果发现,两类毒品的滥用流行具有相当大的差异性.     

地方公务人员"规范补贴"不规范的危害及其治理

公务员收入分配是整个社会收入分配的重要组成部分.始自2006年7月开始的我国第四次公务员工资改革,最明显的效果就是规范了补贴方式,但是,由于一些地方政府背离了中央关于公务人员工资改革的初衰,使得公务人员"规范补贴"不规范,对此必须予以重视并采取相应措施进行治理.     

完善经济发展方式转变的动力问题研究

推动经济发展的动力是否具有可持续性是经济发展方式能否转变的关键.转变经济发展方式的动力有宏观、中观和微观三重.我国经济发展在宏观动力方面存在严重依赖投资而最终消费需求不足的问题,在中观动力方面存在过度依赖第二产业而三产发育不足的问题,在微观动力方面存在高度依赖投资的问题,同时政府行政开支膨胀等也严重制约了经济发展方式的转变.所以,完善经济发展方式转变的动力必须三管齐下,宏观方面扩大消费需求;中观方面提升制造业核心竞争力,加快发展服务业;微观方面深化市场化改革、提升自主创新能力、大力培育人力资本、实施管理创新;同时要更加强调推进政府领域的改革.     

基于现金流量的财务风险预警体系探析

国内外研究表明,现金流量在财务困境企业与非财务困境企业之间有显著差异,现金流量具有财务预警能力。从现金流量的角度,在对现有的财务风险预警模型比较分析的基础上,研究建立基于现金流量的财务风险预警体系是非常必要的。     

城乡综合配套改革试验区农村土地与房屋产权制度改革的实践探索——以成都市的改革实践为例

城乡综合配套改革是21世纪中国改革的战略重点之一。农村土地和房屋产权制度改革是城乡综合配套改革的基础。作为最早获批进行改革试验的地区之一,成都市进行了广泛和深入的农村土地和房屋产权制度改革实践。对于成都农村土地和房屋产权制度改革的实践经验进行理性提炼,既具典型意义,又有助于深化对该项改革的整体认识,进而发挥建立试验区和进行试点改革的典型示范效应。     

质的研究报告——社团组织在社区教育资源整合中的地位与作用

在我国社会发展中,社团组织具有积极力量.而支持与扶持积极、健康的社团组织,并极力促进这些社团组织的壮大与发展,对目前我国政府在社区教育投入不多的现实条件下,是一个很有前景的社会事业.调研表明,在街道的社区教育活动中,居民自发组织起来的各种社团组织在地区的社区教育活动中发挥着无可替代的作用.     

Do Political Similarities Facilitate Interlocal Collaboration?

This research examines the extent to which political similarities—that is, homophily between political actors at the local level—affect patterns of interorganizational collaboration in an emergency response situation. While the field of emergency management has focused on implementation‐oriented arrangements among key stakeholders, few studies have systemically investigated the creation and development of interorganizational collaborations led by political actors, especially following catastrophic events. The analysis reveals that a dyadic tie with political homophily boosts local responders’ ties with other agencies during emergencies. Findings indicate that political solidarity, formulated by chief elected officials of municipalities and council members, can broaden the scope of interorganizational collaboration by mitigating institutional collective action problems at the local level. This research presents a critical recommendation for emergency managers that interlocal collaboration for timely response to a disaster is attributable to political similarities that facilitate frequent interlocal interactions through formal and/or informal agreements.     

论中英两国刑事证人证言可采性标准及检测方法

证人证言在刑事诉讼中的运用一直是各国主要关注的问题 ,而证言运用的核心又在于证言的可采性问题。本文从比较研究的角度 ,对中英两国刑事证人证言可采性标准及检测方法作了具体分析 ,认为中英两国刑事证明标准的不同 ,决定了两国证人证言可采性标准的差异 ,从而导致检测这一标准的方法也各异 ,并认为英国现行的刑事证明标准及由此决定的证言可采性标准有可资借鉴之处