Structures of Bio-terrorism Preparedness in the UK and the US: Responses to 9/11 and the Anthrax Attacks

This article describes UK and US responses to 9/11 and the subsequent anthrax attacks, referring to 'biodefence' and the civilian structures of disaster preparedness. Following a review of initiatives undertaken in each country the article details principal differences between the two systems, the federal nature of the US response and the more localised arrangements preferred in the UK. Finally, with reference to certain international standards articulated by the World Health Organisation, the article concludes with some critical reflections on recent policy developments. International standards promote the civilian character of preparedness programmes and their connections to public health infrastructure. This is being challenged by US developments that emphasise the role of the military while, in the UK, there remain questions about the capacity of civilian structures.     

公安院校《大学语文》的学科基础和教学定位

《大学语文》是公安院校普遍开设的“人文素质”基础课。与当前高校课程改革的步伐相一致,公安院校“大学语文应走向 何方”成为公安院校师生共同关注的一个话题。积极探讨该课程的学科基础,并在此基础上定位相应的教学方法,是本文所探讨的中 心。只有明确了这两点,公安院校“大学语文”教学改革探讨才能有的放矢。     

Sub-Optimality in NHS Sourcing in the UK: Demand-Side Constraints on Supply-Side Improvement

The UK NHS and its Purchasing and Supply Agency (PASA) are implementing reforms for the procurement of goods and services. One aspect of the new approach creates regional confederations in order to overcome the current inability to enforce 'National Framework Agreements' within individual NHS Trusts. This is a sensible approach to resolving a lack of effective consolidation of demand within the NHS at the Trust level, but recent research into the procurement practices of regionally based NHS Trusts has highlighted a number of internal demand problems that this new approach is unlikely to overcome. These include the failure by the Trusts individually, and by the NHS centrally, to control and manage the NHS design and specification process effectively and, in many cases, an inability to measure or collect information on the clinical and cost effectiveness of medical interventions. It is argued, therefore, that while the new reforms may be an improvement on the past, it is likely that the confederations are destined to fail. This is largely the result of the NHS – centrally, regionally and locally – lacking an understanding of how to align demand and supply effectively so as to provide the levers to manage the procurement of goods and services proactively.     

论法律术语的特征及翻译原则

在分析英汉法律术语特征及差异的基础上,提出要最大程度地实现法律术语翻译的准确性,译文必须符合法律语言的特征和目标文本的语言习惯,并且在法律内涵上和原文保持一致,此外还要适当地创造新的法律术语。     

《联合国反腐败公约》与我国贿赂犯罪之立法完善

本文以《联合国反腐败公约》为视角,对我国现行刑法贿赂犯罪有关规定进行了深刻反思和检讨,建议以《公约》规定为参照,将我国贿赂犯罪“贿赂”的范围由“财物”扩大至一切不正当利益,取消受贿罪中“为他人谋取利益”的定罪要件和行贿罪定罪中“为谋取不正当利益”的主观要件,并增设贿赂外国公职人员或国际公共组织官员罪,促使我国反腐败机制和理念与国际接轨,使预防和打击腐败工作更有成效。     

ChatGPT介入劳动教育的前景呈现、潜在风险与纾解之策

生成性人工智能 ChatGPT 一经出场，便迅速获得了全球用户的广泛使用和高度认可。该技术在 为人类日常生活和学习教育提供便捷的同时，也存在着诸多问题。智能依赖会弱化劳动观念养成，信息茧房会 淡化劳动理论学习，技术沉溺会简化劳动技能锻炼，规范失控会虚化劳动教育环境。这一系列隐藏在技术背后 的潜在风险必将深刻影响我们的教育领域，尤其是劳动教育领域。对此，需要凭借一种递进逻辑来寻求应对之策， 从而有效纾解 ChatGPT 介入劳动教育导致的潜在风险。这就要加强劳动观念引领，实现对错误劳动观念的精准 纠治；增强劳动理论学习，清理错误理论渗透的存在空间；注重劳动技能锻炼，筑牢抵御体力与脑力退化的身 体防线；优化劳动教育环境，加强对算法伦理监管的刚性约束。     

论<<仁学>>与近代士人知识结构的转型

《仁学》一经问世，对知识界震动巨大，影响深远。西学的介入，是导致谭嗣同知识结构发生变化的根本原因，反映在《仁学》中，则表现为对一元的、封闭的、实用的传统型知识结构的突破，代之以多元的、开放的、理性批判的新型知识结构的萌芽。但《仁学》仍是以中学为主体的。“天下一统”观念、凡事求同的思维定式及实用理性依然沉淀在其知识结构的深层，束缚了其知识结构的转型。这同样也是戊戌时期士人知识结构转型过程中存在的普遍问题。     

建立我国军事行政诉讼制度的法哲学思考

建立我国军事行政诉讼制度 ,既有必要 ,又有可能。从理论上看 ,这是由军事司法制度的二元本位价值决定的 ,也是在军事领域内贯彻宪政精神之需要 ;从实践上看 ,这是体现司法效益原则 ,对遭受侵害的军事行政权利进行有效救济的必由途径。     

论行政许可法的信赖保护原则

基于诚信原则而产生的信赖保护原则,在第二次世界大战后完成了其从私法向公法领域的演进,并为世界大多数国家所确认。新颁布的行政许可法开创了我国信赖保护原则的先河,意义重大。但它作为一项补充性原则,抽象而不易掌握。因此,要使信赖保护原则得以实现,必须明确其具体内涵,完善其相关制度。