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21.
Henk Elffers Jan W. de Keijser Peter J. van Koppen Laurien van Haeringen 《Journal of Experimental Criminology》2007,3(2):163-182
This article reports on a field experiment on the effect of media information on people’s attitudes towards the justice system.
For the duration of a year a Dutch local newspaper took small groups of readers, called ‘newspaper jurors’, to court sessions
of criminal cases and subsequently reported on their experiences and perceptions. Using a quasi-experimental design, we examined
whether an attitude change in the general reader population of this particular local newspaper occurred as a result of the
jury’s newspaper reports. Findings show that, after the treatment interval of 1 year, no attitude change in the general reader
population could be identified that was absent in the control group. 相似文献
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24.
Daniel Smilov 《Crime, Law and Social Change》2010,53(1):67-77
This article explores the reasons for the introduction of anticorruption agencies of a specific type in Eastern Europe. It
is argued that one of the important functions of these agencies—which are stronger on information gathering, coordination
and strategy rather than on investigation of concrete cases—is to give to the government some leverage over the anticorruption
discourse. Presenting the anticorruption commissions and agencies as (discourse-controlling) instruments gives an answer to
the troubling question why governing parties are at all interested in the introduction of such bodies. Apart from instrumentalization in political discourse, anticorruption
bodies in Eastern Europe have had other effects as well. As shown in the Baltic case, institutional engineering provides for
a brief window of opportunity during which political forces committed to integrity could gain the upper hand. The problem
in Eastern Europe, however, is not the lack of such windows of opportunities—it is more the lack of really committed political
forces capable of continuous and consistent anticorruption effort. 相似文献
25.
Daniel Lockwood 《American Journal of Criminal Justice》1991,15(2):134-152
This paper discusses empirical findings and theories about prison higher education and recidivism. The research designs of
available evaluations of prison higher education are discussed. Their results in regard to arrest and return to prison after
release are presented in tables and figures. Both opportunity theory and moral development theory have been used to justify
such prison programs as crime prevention measures. A critical examination of the actual findings of the evaluations carried
out up to now suggests that prison higher education may have had only a slight impact on recidivism. One could, therefore,
doubt the value of opportunity theory and moral development theory to justify prison higher education as a crime control measure.
However, the methods used in the evaluations of this program have been generally weak. Thus, there is a continuing need to
carry out well-designed research on this question. The findings of follow-up studies of prison higher education have significance
for issues of correctional education policy as well as criminological theory. 相似文献
26.
North American research on the policing of ‘domestic violence’ has been very influential among policy makers in Great Britain.
In particular, research which purports to verify the deterrence value of arrest has prompted the establishment of over thirty
domestic violence units in London and similar initiatives elsewhere in Britain. The paper will outline the nature of the traditional
police response to ‘family violence’ in London and the nature of the experimental innovations. Changes in police practice
with regard to this type of violence will be put in the context of the organizational constraints and possibilities of policing.
Finally, changing police responses to domestic violence will be evaluated in terms of the debate over the possibility of using
the state or its organs to achieve social change. 相似文献
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29.
A fatality following ingestion of the drug baclofen (Lioresal) is described. Baclofen was identified in urine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. After derivatization with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid, baclofen was quantitated in serum and urine by high-performance liquid chromatography. The concentration of baclofen was 17 mg/L in serum and 760 mg/L in urine collected approximately 12 h after the overdose. To our knowledge, this is only the second reported fatality involving a baclofen overdose. The previous case did not include quantitation of baclofen in any biological fluid. 相似文献
30.
Flipping burgers or flipping pages? Student employment and academic attainment in post-Soviet Latvia
Latvian higher education has undergone a dramatic transition since 1991. This study employs a survey of nearly 1000 social science students studying in 13 different institutions in Latvia to consider the impact of the increase in the number of students who are working while studying. Evidence indicates employment has a strong and significant negative impact on school performance, and the negative impact increases as weekly hours worked increase. This manifests itself through reduced class attendance and reduced time spent in independent study. Finally, we find that the probability of student employment is most significantly affected by the availability of financial aid, gender, ethnicity, and age. 相似文献