How “institutionalization” can work. Structuring governance for digital transformation in Italy

Public policy scholars have recently focused on the mechanisms accounting for the sustainability of major policy changes. Among the strategies by which policy entrepreneurs may try to avoid future backlash institutionalization is certainly one of the most used. Yet, it can foster ossification and eventually jeopardize policy effectiveness. Such a potential trade-off between institutionalization and long-term effectiveness is particularly intense in policies concerning technological innovation because the necessity to create winning coalitions can undermine the required absorption capacity needed by government to engage the innovation ecosystems. This paper explores such a trade-off with a case study on the Italian policy for public sector's digital transformation. The case is theoretically promising because over three decades institutionalization has always represented the main overall strategy adopted by policymaker, but only the 2016 initiative emerged as a “success.” In this sense, the case study can focus on the mechanisms activated by policy entrepreneurs to trigger and entrench change.     

Measuring horizontal fiscal imbalance: the case of Italian municipalities

In the literature on fiscal federalism, vertical fiscal imbalance has been widely studied, while the theme of horizontal fiscal imbalance and inequality among local governments, due to differences in their fiscal capacities, has been less explored. This article contributes to fill the gap. A new method to compute fiscal capacities based on regression analysis is proposed, which can overcome some of the drawbacks of traditional methods such as the representative tax system. This new approach is then employed to evaluate the fiscal capacities of Italian municipalities over the period 2002–2010. Finally two global measures of the horizontal fiscal imbalance are used to evaluate the equity implication of a major policy change occurred in 2008 in Italian municipal finance.     

生态文明：发展中国特色社会主义的必然选择

生态文明与人类的生产生活有着极大的关联性。工业文明过程极大地影响和破坏了生态环境。中国的工业化进程,也不同程度地影响和破坏了生态环境。生态文明建设必须遵循人类社会发展规律,以中国特色社会主义理论体系为指导,深入贯彻落实科学发展观。     

改革开放与中国在世界贸易体制内的多边外交

改革开放以来,对外贸易在我国经济和社会发展中的地位日益上升,全方位参与多边经贸外交成为我国面临的一项重大课题。本文通过分析中国在关贸总协定和世界贸易组织所代表的世界贸易体制内的参与及发挥的影响力,对如何进一步发挥中国在该领域的建设性作用进行了展望。     

乙型脑炎病毒E蛋白抗原表位E39特异性单克隆抗体的制备

为了制备乙型脑炎病毒E蛋白抗原表位特异性单克隆抗体,将编码乙型脑炎病毒E蛋白抗原表位E39的DNA序列进行人工合成,随后插入表达载体pGEX-6p-1的限制性酶切位点BarnH I与Xho I之间,构建了表位肽与GST的融合表达质粒.该表位融合蛋白经亲和层析纯化后免疫BALB/c小鼠,按常规方法进行细胞融合.以化学合成的E39表位多肽为抗原,对融合细胞上清进行间接ELISA筛选.结果,筛选出1株分泌E39表位特异性抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,该杂交瘤细胞分泌抗体能力稳定.经鉴定,该单克隆抗体亚型为IgG2b,轻链类型为k链.结果表明,用表位融合蛋白为抗原可以制备表位特异性单克隆抗体.     

论“共同道德”对“永恒道德”的批判

道德的社会存在根源和相对独立性,决定了"共同道德"在一定的条件下是存在的。道德是时代的产物,不存在"永恒道德"。鼓吹"永恒道德"的人其实质是历史唯心主义者。"共同道德"与"永恒道德"毫无共同之处,其理论基础不同,对群众的指导也不同。认真应对"永恒道德"对中国的负面影响,应当加强马克思主义理论的学习,重视意识形态领域的斗争;坚决抵制西方"永恒道德",主动宣传人类"共同道德";批判继承中国传统道德的丰富资源,借鉴吸收人类道德文明的优秀成果;培育社会主义核心价值观自信,促进中国特色社会主义道德建设;用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想,筑牢应对错误思想的防线。     

以志愿服务提升大学生现代公民素养的路径研究

本文以华东师范大学为例,调查分析大学生当前的公民素养的现状和存在的问题,并从志愿服务与公民精神的契合性入手,分析以志愿服务为载体培养大学生公民素养的可能性和可行性。在此基础上,从志愿服务的实践教育、服务领域、激励机制以及服务内容几个方面,分别探讨如何培养大学生的公民意识、提升大学生的公民技能、增强大学生的公民参与以及拓宽大学生的公民视野,为志愿服务提升大学生的公民素养提供思路和建议。     

Disruptive innovation and R&D ownership structures

Public Choice - This paper provides a theoretical explanation as to why breakthrough innovations seem to be possible only within capitalist economies (Kornai in Dynamism, rivalry, and the surplus...     

Ageing in forensic psychiatric secure settings: the views of members of staff

Background: Although the prevalence of older patients in forensic psychiatric services is increasing, research around service provision for this population is very limited. We aimed to gather the views of members of staff on how well secure services are meeting the challenges of an ageing population.

Methods: Three focus groups were carried out with 13 members of staff working with older patients in secure services. A topic guide, based on the research team’s previous research, guided the sessions. The focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed through thematic analysis.

Results: Two themes were identified: (1) Identifying patients’ needs, which focused on how promptly any emerging issues in the older patients are identified and reported; (2) addressing patients’ needs, which focused on how the unique needs of the older patients are addressed, once established.

Conclusions: There are unique age-related issues that may have an impact on the older patients’ opportunities for recovery, including a lack of specialist training for members of staff, prolonged stay in secure care and a limited number of age-relevant activities. Far from optimal, provision requires improvement through the active involvement of the primary stakeholders.     

“Another roof,another proof”: the impact of mobility on individual productivity in science

The Journal of Technology Transfer - The mobility of highly skilled employees is seen as a critical way for organizations to transfer knowledge and to improve organizational performance. Yet, the...