论利用经济合同诈骗与经济合同纠纷的界限

<正> 一、经济合同纠纷 “经济合同是法人之间为实现一定经济目的,明确相互之间权利义务关系的协议,”这是我国经济合同法的规定。我们在理论上给经济合同一个比较切合实际的定义:经济合同是具有生产经营能力的民事主体之间,在生产流通领域内为实现一定经济目的而明确相互之间权利义务关系的协议。 经济合同规定的权利义务如同无形的锁链,把合同双方当事人联系在一起。除非经过当事人之间协议解除合同,或经合同管理机关或人民法院宣告合同无效,经济合同对双方都具有法律约束力,双方当事人     

Cultural heritage conservation during emergency management: luxury or necessity?

Annually, natural disasters cause loss of life, damage to property, and damage to the environment. Concomitant is damage to the cultural heritage property, both items and places. Yet in the wake of a disaster, containment and response efforts put additional cultural resources at risk--usually due to ignorance rather than malice on the part of the disaster manager or the property owners. This paper reviews the effects of natural disasters on heritage sites and argues for increased awareness and training for disaster managers.     

At work in the temple of science: theory-building in the university

This paper develops a metaphor that shows academia as a temple of science where acolytes and priests devote themselves to building and developing an arcane lore that supports their faith. Though a somewhat strained metaphor, its heuristic value will become clearer when illustrated by lessons drawn from the sociology of knowledge. Through these lessons, I will attempt to demonstrate that the university setting has inexorably influenced the theories that have developed there, particularly in contributing to the perception of a gap between theory and practice that an applied, problem-solving field such as public administration can ill afford.     

非传统安全理论:概念、流派与特征

安全理论可分为传统安全理论、半传统安全理论和非传统安全理论。非传统安全理论的主要特征是其安全的指涉对象、主导价值方面与传统安全理论分道扬镳,反对现实主义的国家安全观和军事/政治安全观。同时,非传统安全理论在核心概念与理论逻辑等方面又各不相同,组成了一个多元化、松散性的理论聚合体。但其开放的边界、活跃的思想也正是其力量的源泉,这为今后的非传统安全研究提供了丰富的养料。     

Re-conceptualizing State Responsibility:Human Security Protection,Confl icts and Governance

Different from the perspective of traditional national security, human securityis an essential component of non-traditional security. Human security is influenced bymulti-dimensional factors. Human security will be threatened if one or more of thesedimensional factors get twisted. Such threats, once accumulated to a certain level, maytrigger a confl ict. While some factors may have a low correlation with confl ict, some otherfactors may have a multiplying effect in triggering the confl ict. Further, confl ict may betriggered by a single factor or multiple factors. Poor governance may lead to escalationof confl icts. Deep understanding of triggering effects and their correlation with confl ictsis essential to addressing the root causes and the management of conflicts effectively.Concepts of human security, state responsibility of protection and neo-interventionismhave been developed in succession. Though the people-centered security framework drawsglobal attention, it should be recognized that there is no international consensus on anoptimal type of governance. However, according to the Charter of the United Nations, theprimary responsibilities of human security protection should be rested on the governmentof a state. The principle of sovereignty remains the fundamental principle of internationalrelations, which should be the guiding principle for addressing human security issues.     

俄罗斯政治制度的建立及其改革

苏联解体后,在叶利钦总统时期,俄罗斯按照联邦制和三权分立原则建立了总统共和制,1993年俄罗斯联邦宪法构成俄罗斯政治制度的法律基础。普京总统第一任期时,在巩固俄罗斯联邦统一国家权力体系,完善俄罗斯议会和政党制度方面进行了重大改革。梅德韦杰夫总统时期,在确保国家政权稳定和推进政治民主化方面进行了一系列重要改革。普京总统在新的任期内,将寻求在强大国家与人民民主间实现平衡,建设一个统一、稳定、民主、公正的政治制度。     

核安全峰会与核安全全球治理

美国奥巴马政府上台以来,为应对核恐怖主义对美国国家安全造成的严峻威胁,提升国际社会应对核安全威胁的能力,重塑美国在核领域的领导地位,积极推动由各国首脑参加的核安全峰会。经过四届核安全峰会,国际社会在促进凝聚核安全共识、设定合作重点并推动核安全全球治理的建章立制等方面取得了诸多成果,但也面临着在后峰会时代保持国际合作势头、明确和完善核安全全球治理范畴以及进一步完善均衡的核安全全球治理机制等挑战。为确保核安全全球治理在后峰会时代的可持续发展,国际社会应在治理范畴方面分清主次,在治理模式方面坚持全球合作治理与国家治理相结合,发挥国际原子能机构的核心作用。拥有大量核材料与先进核安全技术的大国在全球治理中负有特殊责任,理应发挥表率作用。