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711.
712.
The authors argue that efficient water allocation is possible through markets as long as water rights are well-defined, enforced, and transferable. They provide a framework for considering third-party and free rider affects from water trades. From this framework, they consider the prospects for developing a market for instream flows. The analysis points to problems with the prior appropriation system for establishing instream flow claims but suggests that there is not reason for water policy to stand in the way of transferring existing consumption rights to instream uses. The authors conclude that changes in water policy which capitalize on market forces will result from conservationconservative coalitions. 相似文献
713.
Donald C. MacDonald 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》1993,36(3):349-363
Abstract: Ontario's 580 agencies, boards, and commissions (ABCs), including the 91 administrative tribunals, have been a collection of bodies, the product of ad hoc government decisions, with no overall planning or coordination of their operations. During the past decade, on their own initiative, they have developed a coordinating capacity which, if responded to by the government, can enhance their operations as well as assure a more effective program of reform. Sommaire: Les 580 agences et commissions de l'Ontario, y compris les 91 tribunaux administratifs, constituent un groupe d'organismes résultant de décisions gouvernementales ad hoc, sans aucune planification ou coordination globale quant à leur fonctionnement. Au cours de la dernière décennie, suivant leur propre initiative, elles ont développé leur propre fonction de coordination. Si le gouvernement répond à cette initiative, il sera dès lors possible d'améliorer leur fonctionnement et de rendre plus efficace leur programme de réforme. 相似文献
714.
Jame D. Wright Martha Wittig Donald C. Kaminsky 《Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID)》1993,28(2):81-92
The decade of the 1980s witnessed a dramatic transformation in the character of homelessness in the United States and elsewhere
in the developed world. Whereas in previous decades the U.S. homeless were predominantly older, largely white, brokendown
alcoholic men (or at least were stereotypified as such), today a sizable fraction are women and children. Indeed, women, children,
and youth now comprise more than three-eighths of the total homeless population of the United States (Wright 1989). As the
U.S. homeless have come to be comprised of proportionally more women and children, so have they come more and more to resemble
the street populations of the Third World, where homelessness, family disorganization, exploitation, and abandonment of children
have become increasingly important problems during the past decade. 相似文献
715.
716.
Justice Donald B. King 《Family Court Review》1993,31(1):9-28
The article reviews the California court system and the adversary system for resolving divorce and makes substantial recommendations for changing this process, emphasizing judicial management in a problem-solving context rather than the current system of pitting the two parents against one another. This article represents a major statement in the nature of a forum to create a more humane and just process. 相似文献
717.
718.
Kevin M. Kramer Jack Arbuthnot Donald A. Gordon Nicholas J. Rousis Joann Hoza 《Family Court Review》1998,36(1):9-31
This study used a pre- and postevaluation with a control group to compare the effectiveness of two divorce education programs: skill-based Children in the Middle (CIM) and informationbased Children First in Divorce (CFD). Each treatment group consisted of approximately 125 divorcing parents mandated to attend divorce education in Florida. The control group consisted of 64 divorcing parents not mandated to attend divorce education in Alabama for lack of a program. Treatment and control parents lived in comparable cities with comparable demographics. Results indicate that CIM, not CFD, improved parental communication. Both CIM and CFD reduced child exposure to parental conflict. Neither program had effects on domestic violence, actual parental conflict, or child behavior problems. Across all groups, parents with greater divorce knowledge and communication skills experienced more reciprocal discussions with the other parent, less parental conflict, less domestic violence, and they exposed children to less conflict. 相似文献
719.
Donald J. Savoie 《Canadian public administration. Administration publique du Canada》1983,26(4):509-524
Abstract: A number of observers have of late commented on the growing influence of permanent public servants on the policy process in government at the expense of ministers and have suggested measures to rectify the situation. This paper looks at ministers' staff as a means to give ministers the capacity to provide policy directions to their departments and to assess policy advice coming from permanent public servants. The paper describes the kind of resources available to ministers, the background of individuals in ministerial offices and the responsibilities now carried out by these offices. It then points to deficiencies in the present arrangements, if the offices are to play a strong policy advisory role. The kind of reforms necessary to give such a capacity to ministers' offices is then outlined. These reforms, it is argued, could be instituted without far-reaching structural changes to our public administration system. Sommaire: Récemment, certains observateurs ont attiré l'attention sur l'influence croissante que des fonctionnaires permanents exercent sur les décisions gouverne-mentales, au détriment des ministres. Des mesures ont été proposées pour corriger cette situation. L'auteur examine ici le rôle des collaborateurs d'un ministre, qui pourraient fournir à ce dernier les ressources dont il a besoin pour orienter les activités de son ministère et évaluer les conseils des fonctionnaires permanents quant à la politique à suivre. L'auteur décrit ensuite le genre de ressources dont disposent les ministres, l'expérience et la formation du personnel des cabinets ministériels, ainsi que les responsabilités qu'il est appeléà assumer de nos jours. Il attire ensuite l'attention sur les lacunes du système actuel et sur les moyens à mettre en oeuvre pour y remédier si l'on veut que les cabinets ministériels jouent un rôle consultatif utile dans l'élaboration des politiques. L'auteur expose alors le type de réformes à mettre en oeuvre pour permettre aux cabinets ministériels d'accomplir cette fonction. Comme il le fait valoir, de telles reformes pourraient trés bien être introduites sans qu'il soit nécessaire de modifier en profondeur la structure de notre système dadministration publique. 相似文献
720.