A Crisis of Authority? A Conversation with Alasdair Roberts about the Bush Years

Alasdair Roberts's recent book The Collapse of Fortress Bush: The Crisis of Authority in American Government is an appraisal of the George W. Bush administration's response to the 9/11 attacks and its management of the global war on terrorism. This war, Roberts argues, is a neoliberal war designed to accommodate assumptions about the boundaries of governmental action that became prevalent after Ronald Reagan's election to the presidency in 1980. Concerns about the renaissance of the "imperial presidency" are simplistic and misplaced, Roberts proposes, because they largely ignore how executive authority in the United States has been weakened by political, economic, and institutional forces. President Bush's actions after 9/11 reflect the limitations of his power. His White House was unable to impose significant burdens on citizens or the economy, felt forced to expand power surreptitiously, and chose to act militarily because the armed services enjoyed a level of legitimacy that was absent from the rest of government.     

Health-care reform in Alberta

Abstract: Over the past forty years, the Canadian health-care system has undergone many changes and realized many achievements. Universal coverage, organizational simplicity, high status of health together with a high level of public satisfaction indicate success of the system. And yet, the health-care system began to show signs of strain. Changing consumer expectations, mounting health-care expenditures and a continued emphasis on the institutional sector contributed to the down-side of the success. In response to this, the Alberta government initiated fundamental reform of this complex system. This paper chronicles Alberta's approach in reforming and restructuring the health-care system. It reviews a number of developmental and policy initiatives that set the stage for a health-care reform mind-set in the province. It reviews Alberta's approach to health-care reform from its initial stages to the development of the first Three-Year Business Plan for Health through to the formation of a regionalized health-care system. The paper concludes by offering some preliminary observations of this reform process. Sommaire: Au cours des quarante dernières années, le réseau des soins de santé au Canada a subi de nombreux changements et a beaucoup réalisé. La couverture universelle, la simplicité organisationnelle, un excellent standard de santé ainsi qu'un niveau élevé de satisfaction du public sont autant d'indices de réussite du système. Et pourtant, le réseau des soins de santé a commencéà révéler des symptômes problématiques. L'évolution des attentes des consommateurs, l'augmentation des dépenses consacrées à la santé ainsi que l'accent placé sur le secteur institutionnel sont venus grever ce succès. Pour faire face à ces changements, le gouvernement de l'Alberta a lancé une réforme fondamentale de ce réseau complexe. Cet article présente l'approche de l'Alberta en matière de réforme et de restructuration du réseau des soins de santé. II passe en revue un certain nombre d'initiatives de politique et de développement qui ont obtenu l'appui du public pour la réforme du système. L'article examine la méthodologie de l'Alberta en matière de réforme des soins de santé, à partir de ses premières étapes jusquapos;à la mise au point du premier plan de fonctionnement triennal pour la Santé, et l'établissement d'un systéme de santé régionalisé En conclusion, l'article présente quelques observations préliminaires sur ce processus de réforme.     

Moral maturity and behavior: Failure to find a link

The question addressed is whether individuals operating at the Postconventional level of moral reasoning behave appreciatively different from those functioning at lower moral maturity levels. The types of behaviors reported in the literature are classified in five areas: resistance to temptation, resistance to social influence/authority, student activism, prosocial behavior, and antisocial behavior. The data suggest that evidence linking Kohlbergian moral development to differential behaviors is remote. However, the link between moral reasoning and behavior is not positively nonexistent. There remain several factors which probably affect the findings in all five behavioral categories, especially the sparsity of subjects at the principled level and the limited range of behaviors investigated.Received Ph.D. from Kent State University. Current inrerests are primary prevention and adolescent psychopathology.Received Ph.D. from Western Reserve University. Current interest is development of a theory of personality.     

Two-Year Reliability of the Propensity for Abusiveness Scale

The Propensity for Abusiveness Scale (PAS; Dutton [1995a] J. Fam. Violence 10[2]: 203–221) has been shown to correlate with both physical and psychological abuse in a variety of samples including gay men, assaultive males, and male and female college students (Clift, 2001; Dutton et al., 2001). For the current study, 27 male and 37 female university students completed the PAS during the 1998–1999 and the 2000–2001 school years. A 2-year test–retest reliability coefficient of r = .851 was found for women and a reliability coefficient of r = .629 was found for men. The combined sample had a reliability coefficient of r = .774. Moderate test–retest reliability coefficients were also found for each of the subscales.     

Qui tam actions: best practices for relator's counsel

The False Claims Act empowers the U.S. Government to identify and prosecute fraud. It does so in no small part by engaging qui tam relators who, with their attorneys, are deputized under the Act to help investigate and prosecute these cases. By combining the insight and industry-specific knowledge of the citizenry with the investigative and prosecutorial resources of the government, Congress attempted to facilitate a united front against pervasive fraud and abuse by government contractors, an aggressive effort that has borne fruit, recovering funds and protecting important federal programs. This Article proposes ways in which relators' counsel and government attorneys can work together more effectively in these cases to achieve the goals of the statute.     

Factors related to suicide in New York state prisons

OBJECTIVE: Examine factors related to prison suicides to aid prevention. METHOD: Review the mental health records of all 76 suicides that occurred between 1993 and 2001 in New York State Department of Correctional Services (NYSDOCS) prisons that had some contact with mental health services during their incarceration. (This represented 84% of all NYSDOCS suicides.) Extract data from the psychological autopsies for a sample of 40 of these suicides. RESULTS: Of the suicide victims with some mental health contact, 95% had a substance abuse history, 70% displayed agitation or anxiety prior to the suicide, and 48% had a behavioral change. Common stressors preceding the suicide were inmate-to-inmate conflict (50%), recent disciplinary action (42%), fear (40%), physical illness (42%), and adverse information (65%) such as loss of good time or disruption of family/friendship relationships in the community. Forty-one percent had received a mental health service within 3 days of the suicide. Compared to the about 7200 inmates actively receiving mental health services in state prison, African-Americans and patients with a Major Mood (Bi-polar or Major Depression) were under-represented. Adjustment Disorder, Schizophrenia, and Personality Disorder diagnoses were over-represented. Suicide victims were more likely to have been incarcerated for a violent crime. CONCLUSION: Mental illness, anxiety/agitation, behavior change, stressors, history of substance abuse, and non-African-American were important risk factors.