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This paper tests a model where governmentand private charity are perfect substitutesin consumption, but the cost of providingcharitable assistance differs betweenprivate and government suppliers. Theanalysis demonstrates that higher costs oftransferring through the government canaccount for the observed phenomenon of lessthan complete crowding out and theempirical results are broadly consistentwith that approach. Overall the evidenceis consistent with the hypothesis thatindividuals both care about the leakagesinvolved in transferring funds to the poorthrough government and respond in theirprivate giving to changes in thedifferential public cost. 相似文献
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We wish to thank the Israel Center for Social and Economic Progress, Jerusalem, for supporting our work on this topic. 相似文献
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Rent-seeking for pure public goods 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this paper we present a formal analysis of rent-seeking for public goods by two or more groups with different numbers of individuals. We begin by considering equally wealthy groups under risk neutrality, a case which constitutes our basic model. Several surprising and interesting results emerge from the analysis of this basic case. The problem is then extended to deal with (a) groups with different wealth levels, and (b) risk aversion. This last extension brings about a further crop of interesting and useful results. 相似文献
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Edwin W. Zedlewski 《European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research》2009,15(4):355-364
The last decade has witnessed a demand for evidence-based programs in virtually every field of social research. Presumably
evidence will help inform officials as to which programs are likely to yield successful outcomes as well as help practitioners
operate programs with best practices. But program effectiveness is only half the answer. The other half is affordability.
Policy makers make budget-constrained decisions. A decision to implement a program in one area means cuts in programs in some
other area. Evaluations that report only effectiveness findings cannot contribute much toward social program decision making.
Evaluators must start to provide information on both costs and effectiveness or costs and benefits. This paper presents some
of the challenges of incorporating cost benefit analysis into traditional criminal justice program evaluations. It presents
illustrations of the conceptual and measurement issues to be faced evaluating programs in such areas as private security,
juvenile delinquency, police interventions, and correctional rehabilitation when researchers attempt to add cost analysis
to program inputs and try to convert outcomes into monetary units. It raises issues regarding availability, program externalities,
hidden resources, and inadequacies of outcome measures. It concludes with some general guidance for evaluators on conducting
such analyses and a checklist of questions to consider when deciding between cost effectiveness analysis and cost benefit
analysis. 相似文献