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981.
How do national social programs influence local voting? This study utilizes the experimental set up of a conditional cash transfer program to show that small, targeted cash transfers can have large electoral effects. The Honduran PRAF program allocated an average of $18 per capita per year to poor households within municipalities that were randomly assigned to receive the program. Although the program was administered at the national level, the program increased an incumbent mayor's re-election probabilities by 39%, without significantly influencing voting behavior in presidential elections. Moreover, the evidence suggests that transferring cash to poor households were more effective at increasing political support than interventions providing public goods for poor villages. 相似文献
982.
983.
984.
985.
Recent scholarship has critiqued the tendency for separated mothers in custody disputes to be defined as hostile and alienating.
Through the presentation of three case studies, drawn from an interview-based study with 21 women, we show how such pejorative
constructions only arise when the conflicting gendered moral accountabilities of contemporary motherhood are overlooked. We
found that mothers tend to believe that contact with non-resident fathers is generally in a child’s best interests. However,
as a result of balancing complex moral obligations for the care of their children, they may raise questions about particular
kinds of arrangements for contact with particular fathers. We argue, therefore, that family law practice will lead to better
outcomes for children when professionals listen to the history of, and reasons for, mothers’ positions. To enable family law
professionals to undertake this task, we offer an alternative interpretive framework for making sense of women’s stories.
Should family law professionals make use of this framework, it is likely that they will understand that the positions mothers
adopt are often the outcome of the difficult moral dilemmas they encounter in caring for their children, and that the reductive
rubric of the ‘hostile mother’ needs to be treated with scepticism. 相似文献
986.
987.
Elizabeth Macdonald 《The Modern law review》2008,71(6):987-998
Consideration is given to the treatment of the core exemption in Regulation 6(2) of the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 in Office of Fair Trading v Abbey National Bank. Certain aspects of the approach taken to the general limitation of the exemption to terms in plain intelligible language are looked at, before the scope of Regulation 6(2)(b) itself is addressed. 相似文献
988.
Eva R. Kimonis Jennifer L. Skeem Elizabeth Cauffman Julia Dmitrieva 《Law and human behavior》2011,35(5):381-391
There is growing support for the disaggregation of psychopathy into primary and secondary variants. This study examines whether
variants of psychopathy can be identified in a subsample (n = 116) of juvenile offenders with high scores on the Youth Version of the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL:YV). Model-based cluster
analysis of offenders’ scores on the PCL:YV and a measure of anxiety suggested a two-group solution. The derived clusters
manifested expected differences across theoretically relevant constructs of abuse history, hostility, and psychiatric symptoms.
Compared with low-anxious primary variants, high-anxious secondary variants manifested more institutional violence, greater
psychosocial immaturity, and more instability in institutional violence over a 2-year period, but similar stability in PCL:YV
scores. 相似文献
989.
The present study investigates how visitation from parents impacts youths’ mental health in the first two months of incarceration
in a secure juvenile facility. A diverse sample of 276 male, newly incarcerated serious adolescent offenders (14–17 years)
was interviewed over a 60-day period. Results indicate that youth who receive visits from parents report more rapid declines
in depressive symptoms over time compared to youth who do not receive parental visits. Moreover, these effects are cumulative,
such that the greater number of visits from parents, the greater the decrease in depressive symptoms. Importantly, the protective
effect of receiving parental visits during incarceration exists regardless of the quality of the parent–adolescent relationship.
Policy changes that facilitate visitation may be key for easing adjustment during the initial period of incarceration. 相似文献
990.
Women above the age of 60 who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) have specific needs compared with younger victims. More research is emerging that assists counselors and other helping professionals with identification of these needs and aids to promote the mental health and well-being of this population. Professionals must consider the generational values held by older IPV victims and understand how values may impact decision making. Integrating safety planning and risk assessment into the counseling process is vital. Older IPV victims may seek counseling for posttraumatic stress or depressive symptoms as a result of the abuse. Others may participate in counseling for issues unrelated to IPV. Therefore, a thorough assessment process should include questions related to relationship dynamics so that the counselor has a complete understanding of all factors impacting the client's functioning. Helping professionals must also have an understanding of available community resources, as well as barriers that these clients face as they take steps toward recovery from trauma. This research uses qualitative analysis of case studies to assist helping professionals in understanding the most effective interventions when working with this population.We found that a contextual approach focusing on the restoration of self-confidence is a constructive means of initiating recovery from trauma. 相似文献