The view from below: Local government and Putin's reforms

Local government reforms in contemporary Russia are placed in the broader contexts of political reform under Putin and the historical relationship between local administration and the state. Reforms of local government thus help illuminate the architecture of contemporary state building in Russia and the degree to which contemporary Russia perpetuates political traditions. This study reviews the antecedent action in local government prior to the Putin era. It then examines the Kozak Commission and the new law on local government, assessing the strengths and weaknesses of these reforms. Finally, this study examines the challenges of implementing the reforms and what these challenges tell us about devolution and centralisation under Putin.     

构建警察信用——对我国目前警察信用状况的探讨

诚实信用是社会道德的基石。警察活动中可以有条件地允许利诱 ,有限制地使用带有欺骗性要素的侦查谋略。但警察行为具有一种社会示范作用 ,若侦查谋略使用不当 ,可能损害公民仅利 ,损害社会善良风俗 ,而且也会损害刑事司法效益甚至整个国家的信用体系。因此 ,警察信用原则应该在警察活动中得到贯彻实施。     

流行文化对青少年的影响

笔者从价值取向、生活方式、审美情趣、语言方式等方面探讨了流行文化对青少年的影响；从青少年的性格特点、心理特征等方面分析了影响产生的原因；据此提出了开展挫折教育、体验教育，倡树感谢文化等对策。     

Is full better than half? Examining the longitudinal effects of full‐day kindergarten attendance

Kindergarten policy varies widely both across and within states. Over the past decade, a number of states have instituted a full‐day kindergarten requirement and others are considering it as a way to increase educational achievement. Many parents also support full‐day kindergarten as a source of child care. This paper uses the Early Child Longitudinal Study–Kindergarten Class of 1998–1999 to evaluate the efficacy of this policy. In ordinary least squares, probit, county fixed effects, and instrumental variables models, we find that there are initial benefits for students and the mothers of students who attend full‐day kindergarten, but that these differences largely evaporate by third grade. Contrary to claims by some advocates, attending full‐day kindergarten is found to have no additional benefit for students in families with income below the poverty threshold. © 2006 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management     

论利益衡量方法在行政诉讼原告资格认定中的运用

行政诉讼原告资格制度的目的在于建立一种筛选机制,其实质体现了法官在决定是否给予司法裁判时的利益衡量,因此利益衡量方法是界定原告资格的根本方法。原告资格的核心是法律上的利害关系,包括合法权益和因果关系两个主要构成要件,界定原告资格需要对这两者运用利益衡量方法进行分析。利益衡量标准与社会需求密切相关,个案中法官进行衡量时需要对社会主流价值取向、社会整体的道德情感以及公共政策等社会需求因素加以考虑。     

加强大学生思想道德教育的若干思考

加强大学生的思想道德教育,重要的是从增强大学生道德信仰,提升大学生的道德敏感,引导大学生的道德体验,养成大学生的道德行为。