Infighting and Ideology: How Conflict Informs the Local Culture of the Chicago Dyke March

Although the study of local cultures has become established in American sociology, it often ignores the contested nature of how culture emerges and is negotiated within the context of small groups. To this end, we address the concept of infighting, a subtype of conflict, as it operates within a small group framework. Building on an ethnographic study of the Chicago Dyke March, we demonstrate that infighting highlights competing ideologies that may remain implicit in the absence of such conflict. Infighting treats divergent meaning systems as part of local contention between rival cliques and power centers. These ideological battles both reflect pre-existing differences between subgroups and serve to make explicit and public such differences, both in their background characteristics and in their interests. In the process infighting directs attention away from shared concerns and group building to questions of strategy, transforming the small group into an arena of ideological production and factional rivalry. Infighting recasts a group from a space of consensus to a contested political arena. We elaborate four analytic processes through which infighting connects to ideology and small group culture: infighting emphasizes the multivocality of meaning, cultural heterogeneity, an equilibrium of inclusion and group boundaries, and planning in light of ideologies of power.     

Positive Resolution of Childhood Sexual Abuse Experiences: The Role of Coping,Benefit-Finding and Meaning-Making

Resolution of the trauma of childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and the current adjustment of 60 adult female CSA survivors were explored through qualitative and quantitative analyses of their coping strategies, perceived benefits, and meaning-making attempts. While the majority of the women (87%) perceived at least some benefit resulting from coping with the CSA experience, many (29%) found it impossible to make any meaning of their trauma. Specific benefits that were associated with various aspects of positive adjustment (marital satisfaction, better physical health, less isolation) included improved relationships with others, religious or spiritual growth, and improved parenting skills. Some perceived benefits were actually associated with a negative outcome. Increased knowledge of sexual abuse was associated with more isolation and lower marital satisfaction. When positive meaning could be derived from the coping process, the women reported less isolation. Avoidant coping was strongly associated with more depressive symptoms and poorer resolution of abuse issues. Results highlight the importance of considering coping strategies and cognitive restructuring efforts in designing therapeutic interventions with this population. Portions of this paper were presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Psychological Association, May 2004, Chicago, IL.     

地理标志的品牌风险博弈分析

从地理标志使用企业群体内部的角度，运用完全信息静态博弈理论对地理标志的品牌风险进行分析，认为地理标志使用企业的个体活动有可能导致地理标志的品牌风险，指出单个企业追求短期利益的机会行为是破坏地理标志无形资产价值的重要原因。     

Verstoß gegen § 17 TierSchG durch Lebendhälterung von Köderfischen?

Zusammenfassung Mit Urteil vom 29. Oktober 2007 hat das Amtsgericht Hannover einen Angler wegen Versto?es gegen § 17 Nr. 2 b des Tierschutzgesetz (TierSchG) zu einer Geldstrafe in H?he von 15 Tagess?tzen verurteilt. Nach den Feststellungen des Gerichts hatte der Angeklagte am 16.11.2007 sechzig Rotfedern zum Zwecke der Verwendung als K?derfische in einem insgesamt zehn Liter fassenden, jedoch zeitweise lediglich mit sieben Litern Wasser gefüllten ovalf?rmigen Eimer zur weiteren Verwendung zwischengeh?ltert. Im Verlauf der H?lterung schwammen einige der Fische an die Oberfl?che, woraus das Gericht auf einen zwischenzeitlichen Sauerstoffmangel im Beh?ltnis schloss. Nach Auffassung des AG Hannover stellt das Verhalten des Anglers insgesamt einen Versto? gegen § 17 TierSchG in der Modalit?t des Zufügens von l?nger anhaltenden erheblichen Leiden nach Nr. 2 b dar.     

试析中国式司法能动主义的独特性——以中美比较为视角

以陕西陇县＂能动主义八四司法模式＂为代表的中国式司法能动主义,较之于美国的司法能动主义,在问题意识、司法主体、司法权性质以及最高法院的功能定位上都有其独特性。对中美能动司法的比较法考察,有助于我们更深刻地认识中国独特的司法实际,把握中国司法改革的独特性和基本走向。     

Theoretical foundation for a debtor friendly bankruptcy law in favour of creditors

Although many works support creditor friendly bankruptcy laws, an evolution towards debtor friendly systems is at work. This paper proposes a theoretical ground to meet this paradox. It reconsiders the economic role of bankruptcy law by stressing on the courts’ production of information. It reveals that the transmission of a lenient signal by judges makes it possible to reduce the hazard that bad risks seek to avoid going on trial. Thus, it shows that debtor friendly bankruptcy laws are not systematically opposed to creditors’ interests. They reduce the risk of the economy and contribute to the improvement of the global efficiency.      

Alcohol Consumption and Females’ Recognition in Response to Date Rape Risk: The Role of Sex-Related Alcohol Expectancies

This study examined the pharmacological and psychological effects of alcohol on women’s recognition of and response to dating sexual aggression. Female participants completed measures of prior sexual victimization experiences, sex related alcohol expectancies, general alcohol expectancies, and drinking habits. Using a 2 (alcohol) × 2 (expectancy) balanced placebo research design, women were exposed to an audiotape date rape vignette and asked to press a button when the man’s sexual advances had gone to far. Upon pressing the button, the tape was stopped and participants were instructed to imagine themselves in the same situation and generate a response describing what they would say and/or do at that point. Results indicated that although alcohol and expectancy were not related to risk perception, individuals who consumed alcohol displayed significantly less resistant role play refusals. A significant interaction between expectancy set and pre-existing sex-related alcohol expectancies was observed indicating participants believing alcohol affects sexual behavior generated less resistant refusal responses when they expected to receive alcohol. Moreover, for those who expected to receive alcohol, stronger pre-existing sex-related alcohol expectancies predicted less resistant refusal responses over above the effects of blood alcohol level and general alcohol expectancies. The implications of these findings are discussed.