Spatial and Temporal Analyses of Terrorist Incidents in Iraq, 2004–2006

Terrorist incidents are not random in space or time. Understanding the current spatial and temporal patterns of terrorist incidents, as well as predicting future trends, is vital for effective counterterrorist efforts. This article focuses on terrorist incidents in Iraq, which are defined here as attacks, both successful and unsuccessful, in order to detect patterns in the establishment of terrorist activity spaces. Using Geographic Information Science (GISc), this project carries out a series of spatial and temporal cluster identification analyses on recent terrorist incidents in Iraq.     

The administrative staff college at henley-on-thames

An analysis of the administrative staff concept approach to management education in England as exemplified in the General Management Course of and Administrative Staff College at Henley-on-Thames, which the author attended as a “staff observer.” The philosophy, objectives and learning methods that have made the College an outstanding example of successful overseas management training are explained and, to the extent possible, evaluated.     

"公正"的比较性思考

公正与正义是两个概念,人们的理解可能不同.被害人要求正义,被告人要求公正,公正的审判不一定得出正义的结果,因为有罪者可能会被释放.公正要求平等对待并且不偏不倚,是传统的正当程序的基础.在审判中要求平等武装,过去的刑事诉讼程序一直向被告人倾斜,只有<罗马规约>第一次提到了被害人的权利.公正概念在很大程度上是从竞争性体育运动中提炼出来的.正确认识公正,有助于不同国家的人们,以相同的方式遵守法治的原则.     

The Effect of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws on Seat Belt Use by Socioeconomic Position

We investigated the differential effect of mandatory seat belt laws on seat belt use among socioeconomic subgroups. We identified the differential effect of legislation across higher versus lower education individuals using a difference‐in‐differences model based on state variations in the timing of the passage of laws. We find strong effects of mandatory seat belt laws for all education groups, but the effect is stronger for those with fewer years of education. In addition, we find that the differential effect by education is larger for mandatory seat belt laws with primary rather than secondary enforcement. Our results imply that existing socioeconomic differences in seat belt use would be further mitigated if all states upgraded to primary enforcement.