Haplotype diversity in mitochondrial DNA hypervariable region I, II and III in northeast China Han

Sequence polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region, hypervariable regions HVR I, HVR II and HVR III, from 51 unrelated China Han (Yan Bian area) were determined by PCR amplification and cycle sequencing.     

Genetic analysis of 18 X-linked short tandem repeat markers in Korean population

The population genetic data of 18 X-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) markers DXS6807, DXS8378, DXS9895, DXS9902, DXS6810, DXS7132, DXS981, DXS6800, DXS9898, DXS6789, DXS101, DXS6797, GATA172D05, GATA165B12, HPRTB, GATA31E08, DXS8377, and DXS7423 were analyzed in samples of unrelated 220 males and 181 females from Korean population. The exact test for genotype distribution of the markers showed no significant deviation from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Allele frequencies between male and female samples were not significantly different in all examined markers. All examined males and females showed different hemizygotic haplotype and combined genotypes, respectively. Four cases of mutation were found in GATA172D05, GATA31E08, DXS7132, and HPRTB from the analysis of 95 father-child-mother trios. Details of X chromosomal STRs in Koreans would be useful in paternity tests and forensic purposes as well as whole X-chromosomal mapping studies.     

Study on the application of parent-of-origin specific DNA methylation markers to forensic genetics

In paternity test, especially in motherless cases, the allele inherited from father (obligatory gene, OG) often cannot be determined. The paternity exclusion probability (PE) of a genetic marker is reduced considerably. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new technique, by which the parental origin of alleles can be determined without genealogical analysis. In this paper, we explored the possibility of using parent-of-origin specific DNA methylation markers to determine the parental origin of alleles, choosing the imprinted single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) locus rs220028 (A/G) as a model system. We typed the SNP by mutagenically separated PCR (MS-PCR). The frequencies of alleles were A = 0.5085, G = 0.4915; the unbiased heterozygosity was 0.5020. In order to discriminate between the maternal allele and paternal allele, post-digestion MS-PCR, a novel PCR based methylation analysis and SNP typing technique was developed and performed on 18 heterozygous children, and the methylated maternal allele was detected specifically. As a pilot study on the use of epigenetic markers in forensic genetics, our results demonstrated the feasibility of using parent-of-origin specific DNA methylation markers to determine the parental origin of alleles.     

皮肤损伤愈合中NOS的表达及NO的作用

皮肤损伤愈合是机体保持组织完整性的一个有组织的过程,需要炎症细胞、生物化学介质之间的复杂作用。一氧化氮合酶(nitricoxidesynthase,NOS)是皮肤组织损伤愈合过程中的一个重要因子,合成一氧化氮(nitricoxide),生成的一氧化氮参与损伤愈合的全过程,在炎症介导,细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡及血管形成、基质沉积和损伤后组织重构中均发挥重要作用,而且在某些皮肤疾病中,NO也具有重要作用。本文针对近年来NOS在损伤愈合过程中的研究进展,综述了在皮肤损伤愈合过程中NOS的表达和NO的作用,认为NOS是皮肤损伤愈合机制的一个重要方面,具有深入研究的必要。     

论交通肇事罪中的“因逃逸致人死亡”

在对刑法第133条交通肇事罪中"因逃逸致人死亡"的理解上,刑法理论及实务界存在着诸多分歧与争议.文章从主客观相结合的解释论立场出发,对该规定可能的语义内涵和罪过形式进行了深入的剖析,并在此基础上,对司法实践中相关情形的定罪量刑作出了分门别类的澄清.     

苏联法影响中国法制发展进程之回顾

在 2 0世纪中国历史上 ,苏联的革命法制理论和若干重要制度曾深刻地影响了中国的法制发展进程。孙中山曾主张“以俄为师”并进行过法制改革 ;中国共产党所领导下的人民民主政权的法制建设也是以苏联为标尺 ;新中国成立初期在创立社会主义法制的过程中 ,更是将苏联法全方位地移植到了中国。苏联法制为中国革命政党所接受与其自身的性质和中国革命的需要紧密相关。     

论现场勘查中的组织指挥意识

现场勘查,在刑事执法活动中具有较强的普遍性。现场勘查是在被动接报之后的主动"启动",是以"是否实施侦查、如何组织侦查"等作为其活动的实质目标指向。组织指挥者应当培养良好的现代现场勘查组织指挥意识———正确处理好轻重缓急关系的效率意识;正确协调技术与侦查的分合、兼容关系的全局意识;正确吃透现场看准个性的求真意识;正确对待相同点与差异点的辩证意识;正确处理好重点线索查证与整体侦查部署的统筹意识;正确处理好依靠大众传媒与封锁关键情节的双赢意识。     

Fingerprint pattern restoration by digital image processing techniques

Fingerprint evidence plays an important role in solving criminal problems. However, defective (lacking information needed for completeness) or contaminated (undesirable information included) fingerprint patterns make identifying and recognizing processes difficult. Unfortunately. this is the usual case. In the recognizing process (enhancement of patterns, or elimination of "false alarms" so that a fingerprint pattern can be searched in the Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS)), chemical and physical techniques have been proposed to improve pattern legibility. In the identifying process, a fingerprint examiner can enhance contaminated (but not defective) fingerprint patterns under guidelines provided by the Scientific Working Group on Friction Ridge Analysis, Study and Technology (SWGFAST), the Scientific Working Group on Imaging Technology (SWGIT), and an AFIS working group within the National Institute of Justice. Recently, the image processing techniques have been successfully applied in forensic science. For example, we have applied image enhancement methods to improve the legibility of digital images such as fingerprints and vehicle plate numbers. In this paper, we propose a novel digital image restoration technique based on the AM (amplitude modulation)-FM (frequency modulation) reaction-diffusion method to restore defective or contaminated fingerprint patterns. This method shows its potential application to fingerprint pattern enhancement in the recognizing process (but not for the identifying process). Synthetic and real images are used to show the capability of the proposed method. The results of enhancing fingerprint patterns by the manual process and our method are evaluated and compared.     

侦查程序的性质研究

对侦查程序的性质进行研究 ,其源起的语境应当成为分析的切入点 ,并通过对其荷载历史样态存在的应然性进行解读 ,客观地探讨侦查程序所存“习惯” (行政程序性质 )的“合理性” ,窥探出侦查程序背后深藏着决定其构建体系的固有的规定性 ,追源出理论依据 ,转换侦查程序现存范式 ,超越现有“文本”的目标。