全文获取类型
收费全文 | 581篇 |
免费 | 40篇 |
专业分类
各国政治 | 56篇 |
工人农民 | 22篇 |
世界政治 | 73篇 |
外交国际关系 | 22篇 |
法律 | 325篇 |
中国政治 | 5篇 |
政治理论 | 113篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 19篇 |
2019年 | 22篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2017年 | 27篇 |
2016年 | 33篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 30篇 |
2013年 | 129篇 |
2012年 | 39篇 |
2011年 | 21篇 |
2010年 | 14篇 |
2009年 | 9篇 |
2008年 | 24篇 |
2007年 | 26篇 |
2006年 | 18篇 |
2005年 | 20篇 |
2004年 | 18篇 |
2003年 | 16篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 10篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 5篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1989年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有621条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
551.
Criminal Justice in a Democracy: Towards a Relational Conception of Criminal Law and Punishment 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
René Foqué 《Criminal Law and Philosophy》2008,2(3):207-227
This article starts from the observation that in classical Athens the discovery of democracy as a normative model of politics
has been from the beginning not only a political and a legal but at the same time a philosophical enterprise. Reflections
on the concept of criminal law and on the meaning of punishment can greatly benefit from reflections on Athenian democracy
as a germ for our contemporary debate on criminal justice in a democracy. Three main characteristics of the Athenian model
will be analysed: the self-instituting capacity of a democracy based on participatory and reflective citizenship, political
power as the capacity of citizens for co-operating and co-acting with others, and the crime of hubris as one of the key issues
in Athenian criminal law. These analyses will lead to the conclusion that one of the key issues of a democratic legal order
lies in its capacity of recognizing the fragility of the human condition and of developing workable and effective standards
of justice in that context. A relational conception of criminal law and punishment, based on proportionality, reflexivity,
mutual respect and responsibility fits best with a democracy under the rule of law.
相似文献
René FoquéEmail: |
552.
553.
554.
Francisco Caballero-sanz Rafael Moner-colonques José Sempere-monerris 《European Journal of Law and Economics》1998,5(1):51-66
Departing from the received fact that research joint venture agreements are allowed on the grounds of a permissive ruling, we study what conditions are necessary for venture partners to carry on RD cooperation to the marketing stage. We treat the case of product innovations exploitable with different usages in unconnected markets. Two main results appear: firms always have incentives for a distribution of varieties, but not always agree on the distribution of products. The condition for the last result to happen gives a useful rule for antitrust authorities relating the degree of sustitutability across varieties and the relative profitability of the markets. 相似文献
555.
Conclusion The current approaches to equality law in South Africa and Canada place these jurisdictions at the forefront of serious and
comprehensive judicial at tempts to give effect to substantive equality. These attempts to overcome formalism are processes,
judicially acknowledged as such, and as yet far from complete. At the conceptual center of the development of substantive
equality is the legal realization of human dignity: not an abstract, individualistic notion, but a concept about the relation
between the individual and state, and individual and group, which is circumscribed by concern, respect and consideration.
But substantive equality is not possible only through the case law. The current issues surrounding intersectional discrimination
and the contextual appreciation of a claimant’s circumstances are urgent reminders that the methods and remedies afforded
by the structure of litigation of equality rights claims simply cannot accommodate many instances which call for relief. The
fact that these inadequacies of court enforced claims are beginning to be laid bare by some of the problems being faced by
the Courts in equality claims is perhaps not a failing of equality law and the concept of dignity, but its strength. The methodology
of human rights litigation in countries like Canada and South Africa supports a dialogue between court and legislature. As
substantive equality develops in these jurisdictions, the limits of judicial development will be challenged. That is ultimately
to be welcomed, if the legislatures are responsive to the definition of human dignity and substantive equality in development
judicially, and respond with efforts to support and promote these developments. 相似文献
556.
Cirimele V Kintz P Dumestre V Goullé JP Ludes B 《Forensic science international》2000,107(1-3):381-388
This paper describes a screening procedure based upon high-performance liquid chromatography-ionspray mass spectrometry for the identification of ten corticosteroids in human hair: triamcinolone, prednisolone, prednisone, methylprednisolone, cortisone, cortisol, beta- and dexamethasone, flumethasone and beclomethasone. Hair strands were washed in methylene chloride, pulverized in a ball mill and 50 mg of the powdered hair were incubated in 1 ml Soerensen buffer, pH 7.6 for 16 h at 40 degrees C, in presence of 50 ng cortisol-d3 used as internal standard. Purification of the incubation medium was achieved on SPE C18 Isolute extraction columns. The eluates were evaporated to dryness and resuspended in 30 microliters MeOH before analysis by HPLC-IS-MS in positive and negative modes of detection. The validation parameters were found satisfactory for a corticosteroid screening procedure. The correlation coefficient of the calibration curve ranged from 0.939 to 0.997, showing linearity between 0.1 and 10 ng/mg, excepted for beclomethasone which was between 0.2 and 10 ng/mg. Extraction recovery at 4 ng/mg ranged from 43.2 to 85.7%. Repeatability (CV values) at 4 ng/mg ranged from 6.1 to 17.5%. The limits of detection ranged from 0.03 to 0.17 ng/mg for a signal-to-noise ratio of 2. The detection of prednisone and beclomethasone in three hair specimens obtained from forensic and clinical cases have documented corticosteroids incorporation into human hair. 相似文献
557.
José Antonio Alonso 《Development in Practice》2000,10(3-4):348-360
This paper analyses the significance and scope of globalisation, focusing on its implications for the autonomy of national actors, on the one hand, and on the new demands that global governance imposes upon multilateral action, on the other. It is argued that the current form of globalisation is in fact compatible with some degree of autonomous coordinated social action outside the realm of the market. This allows us both to differentiate between the realities and mystification (i.e. ideology) that underlie the concept of globalisation and to reject the standard discourse and economic therapy offered by certain international organisations to developing countries. If globalisation does not rule out the possibility of autonomous nationallevel action, it also establishes the basis for more solid and effective multilateral action. The factors that support the need for such action in the future are analysed; action that responds to demands for greater management of international public assets, and to calls for more effective global governance. The article ends by identifying the essential characteristics of such a multilateral system if it is to meet the needs arising from a new international reality. 相似文献
558.
Latent Fingermark Aging Patterns (Part III): Discontinuity Index as One Indicator of Degradation 下载免费PDF全文
Josep De Alcaraz‐Fossoul Ph.D. Carme Barrot Feixat Ph.D. Clara Carreras‐Marin M.Sc. Jack Tasker B.Sc. Sara C. Zapico Ph.D. Manel Gené Badia Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(5):1180-1187
This article is the third in a series of reports exploring quantifiable visual parameters of the aging process of latent fingermarks. On this occasion, research is focused on the occurrence of ridge discontinuities (i.e. breakages) as a function of time. Experiment variables included type of secretion (eccrine and sebaceous), substrate (glass and plastic), and exposure to natural light (dark, shade, and direct light) over a 6 months period. Fingermarks were sequentially visualized with titanium dioxide powder, photographed, and the number of naturally occurring ridge discontinuities subsequently evaluated. A semi‐quantitative value, named Discontinuity Index, was used to better characterize this aging parameter. Results indicated that ridges of sebaceous depositions on glass were generally less affected by the environmental conditions compared with those on plastic surface. In addition, aging in darkness was not always the best condition for preservation, and the direct exposure to light seemed not to affect the degradation under certain conditions. 相似文献
559.
Denis Werner Céline Burnier Yingchao Yu André R. Marolf Yuanfeng Wang Geneviève Massonnet 《Science & justice》2019,59(6):643-653
In criminal activities, soil can be transferred from a crime scene to items linked with a perpetrator; for example, shoes, cars or tools. Several parameters will influence the quantity of soil transferred in a given scenario. The knowledge of the most influential factors can help the expert to assess the evidence using a logical approach at the activity level or to predict the amount of soil that can be expected in a given scenario. The influence of five chosen parameters, namely the shoe profile, shoe size, walker's weight, soil type and soil humidity were assessed using Design of Experiment (DOE) in order to understand their influence on soil quantity transferred on shoes.The Faced Central Composite Design (FCCD) using a quadratic model was found to be highly significant, thus they could be adequately used to model and to interpret the amount of soil recovered from one shoe.These designs demonstrate that the characteristics of the donor (soil type and soil humidity), as well as a combination of these two factors have a very significant impact on the soil transfer. The characteristics of the receptor (shoe profile, shoe size and walker's weight) also have an impact on the transfer but to a lesser extent.Globally, this research provides valuable information for the forensic scientist both in investigative mode: evaluation of the soil quantity possibly transferred on shoes, and in the evaluative steps: is the quantity of soil found on the suspect shoes in accordance to the proposition/scenario given by the prosecution and the defence? 相似文献
560.
José Antonio Muñoz Reyes Rómulo Guerra Pablo Polo Eduardo Cavieres Miguel Pita Enrique Turiégano 《Journal of school violence》2019,18(1):39-48
In this study, we applied an evolutionary perspective to analyze the relationship between aggressiveness, academic performance, and sociality in a population of 528 adolescents of both sexes. In men, we expect physical aggression (PA) and sociality to be negative predictors of academic performance. However, in women, PA would be a negative predictor of academic performance, and sociality a positive one. Our results report a negative association between academic performance and PA in both sexes. As we expected, social effect derived from the use of PA seems to be different for each sex, where men could display a rebellious attitude to increase chances of finding a mate. In contrast, results for women are not conclusive, because no relationship between academic performance and any aggressive mechanism, were predicted by sociality. We conclude that an evolutionary framework, which includes sex-specific hypotheses, is appropriate to obtain a holistic perspective of this phenomenon. 相似文献