The role of the state in financing recurrent education: Lessons from European experience

This paper first considers what recurrent education is and what economic case might be made out for the State finance of adult education. The traditional arguments on grounds of efficiency and equity are difficult to sustain but a case can be made out that the imperfections in the present State finance and provision of higher education in Britain discourages a free choice amongst individuals between work, education, leisure and retirement. The second part of the article reviews European development in the finance of recurrent education. The third section draws some policy conclusions for Britain and the United states.

     

A Public Accounting: "Behind the State Budget"

Editor's Note: This article has been adapted from a series of articles written by Howard F. Miller for the Albany (N.Y.) Times-Union in February 1961. Dr. Miller, who resigned as New York State's director of the budget this past June after an extended illness, now serves as fiscal policy advisor to the governor. His stature as a fiscal expert is attested to by his selection by four governors, two Republicans and two Democrats, to serve as deputy director of the budget, a discretionary political appointment.
Dr. Miller, a graduate of Syracuse University who earned two graduate degrees from Harvard, also served as secretary of the Ways and Means Committee of the New York State Legislature from 1965 to 67. While there, he established the first full-time professional analytical staff in the legislature.
The only person in the history of New York State to hold the top fiscal staff positions in both the legislative and the executive branches, Dr. Miller was on the faculty of the Maxwell School at Syracuse University from 1947 to 1969, except for periods while on leave to New York State.     

Adolescent sexual activity and pregnancy: Socioenvironmental problems,physical health,and mental health

This paper examines the association between adolescent pregnancy and socioenvironmental, physical, and mental health problems in 1590 inner-city females aged 13–18 who use health clinics. Adolescents who have become pregnant, those who are sexually active but never have been pregnant, and those who are sexually inactive are compared. The sexually active youngsters come from more psychosocially disadvantaged backgrounds than their sexually inactive peers; the sexually active girls who become pregnant come from more psychosocially disadvantaged backgrounds than those who have never been pregnant. Despite this, the youths who have become pregnant do not have more current relationship problems, more stressful life events, or worse physical health than the never-pregnant sexually active youths. Although sexually inactive youths have the lowest rates of mental health problems, adolescents who have been pregnant have lower rates of anxiety and conduct disorder symptoms than those who are sexually active but never pregnant.Supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Fieldwork conducted by Survey Research Associates.Research interests include adolescents and children, parenting, and families.Research interests include epidemiology of child and adolescent psychiatric disorder.Research interests include psychiatric epidemiology/deviant behavior.Research interests include mental health and statistical issues.Research interests include health behavior and mental health issues.     

Courts Uphold Denials of Coverage Even in the Absence of Mold,Lead, and Asbestos Exclusions

Courts have upheld insurers’ disclaimers on mold, lead, and asbestos claims under comprehensive general liability (CGL) policies, evidencing the importance of maintaining affirmative cover in the emerging environmental insurance marketplace. Removing a CGL mold, lead, or asbestos exclusion is helpful, but insurers may assert a coverage defense and not pay a claim for reasons that have included: failure to meet the burden of proof, failure to trigger coverage, an absolute pollution exclusion, a preexisting condition exclusion, a defective design exclusion, a faulty workmanship exclusion, a business risk exclusion, a known loss or loss in progress, a custody and control exclusion, an owned property exclusion, and late notice. Accordingly, affirmative coverage grants contained in environmental insurance policies are necessary to protect against such losses and maximize recoveries.