The East Asian Way—With Air Conditioning

Though the founding father of a tiny country on the tip of the Malay peninsula, Lee Kuan Yew is one of the giants of the arriving Asian century. Fifty years from now monuments will commemorate the legendary feats of this British-trained barrister who only learned Chinese when he became prime minister in 1959. Not only did he miraculously transform the impoverished colonial entrepot of Singapore, rife with drugs and prostitution, into a gleaming model city state of the 21st century; his practical vision of soft-authoritarian capitalism also became the template for Deng Xiaoping's "opening up and reform" in China, laying the basis for the stunning rise of a prosperous East Asia.
We met twice, in 1992 and 1995, in steamy Singapore, sitting in the icily air-conditioned salon at Istana, the former British governor's residence, looking out over the manicured lawns, as we delved deep into the conflicts and complementarities of Confucian communitarianism and Western individualism. We met one last time in a snowbound chalet in Davos, Switzerland, in 1999 after his formal retirement as "senior minister" and graduation to "minister mentor," the sage behind the throne.     

Intermediation environments and election in Hong Kong

The new Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) held its first election in 1998. Based on data from a post‐election survey, this article charts the pattern of intermediation environments and their impact on electoral participation. An intermediation environment is a network of communicating information or points of view. This study focuses on the environments of primary social networks, secondary associations and the mass media. They are found to be influential in the diffusion of political knowledge and in mobilizing electoral participation. However, the majority of Hong Kong citizens are unembedded in these environments, thereby carrying negative implications for the democratic transition in Hong Kong.     

论监狱受刑人的教育处遇

对监狱受刑人进行“三课教育”,思想教育是根本,文化教育是关键,技能教育是核心,三者的有机结合,将有助于转变受刑人的犯罪思想,矫正行为恶习,增强辨别是非的能力,并掌握一定的知识和技能,最终改过自新,融入到正常的社会生活之中.     

PRRSV GP3蛋白和PCV-2Cap蛋白在杆状病毒囊膜表面的共展示及展示蛋白的小鼠免疫试验

为了研制以杆状病毒表面展示系统为基础的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征和猪圆环病毒病双价基因工程亚单位疫苗,利用杆状病毒表面展示技术构建展示猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)GP3蛋白和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)Cap蛋白的重组杆状病毒BacSC-Dual-ORF3-ORF2,并对该重组病毒进行Western-blot分析、激光共聚焦显微镜观察、免疫金电子显微镜检测、动物免疫试验、血清中和试验以及淋巴细胞增殖试验。结果显示,重组杆状病毒表达了重组GP3蛋白和Cap蛋白;该重组杆状病毒感染昆虫细胞Sf-9后在细胞膜上展示了重组GP3蛋白和Cap蛋白,并且重组蛋白展示在杆状病毒囊膜上。动物免疫试验表明,重组杆状病毒免疫小鼠产生了抗PRRSV和抗PCV-2的特异性抗体,免疫小鼠血清中抗PRRSV和抗PCV-2的中和抗体效价分别达到1∶9.6和1∶13.6。淋巴细胞增殖试验表明,该重组杆状病毒能诱发较强的细胞免疫应答。结果表明,表面展示PRRSV GP3蛋白和PCV-2Cap蛋白的重组杆状病毒已构建成功,这为下一步应用该重组杆状病毒作为双价亚单位疫苗预防PRRSV和PCV-2的共感染奠定了基础。     

Banking in the cloud: Part 3 – contractual issues

This paper looks at EU banks' use of public cloud computing services. It is based primarily on anonymised interviews with banks, cloud providers, advisers, and financial services regulators. The findings are presented in three parts. Part 1 of this paper explored the extent to which banks operating in the EU, including global banks, use public cloud computing services. Part 2 of this paper covered the main legal and regulatory issues that may affect banks' use of cloud services.Part 3 looks at the key contractual issues that arise in negotiations between banks and cloud service providers, including data protection requirements, complexities caused by the layering of cloud services, termination, service changes, and liability. It also presents the overall conclusion derived from the studies conducted, as set out in the three parts of the paper.All three parts of the paper can be accessed via Computer Law and Security Review's page on ScienceDirect at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02673649?sdc=2. The full list of sources is available via the same link and will be printed at the end of this part of the article.     

Public Employment: Attractiveness,Representativeness, and Performance

The functions of the public sector penetrate almost all aspects of social life. Considering the tremendous implications that government employment holds for economic health and other aspects, it is understandable that the processes controlling entry to these jobs are subject to widespread concern. Democratic norms call for a representative bureaucracy. The large size and increasingly mono-ethnic of the Malaysian civil service have caused concern for some time. This study suggests that job characteristics, some background and personal characteristics are significant determinants of graduating students’ job choice. The study also demonstrates how representative bureaucracy would affect performance of the public sector.     

司法三段论小前提的相对独立性探讨——对“耕牛”案的另一种解读

在苏力先生的“耕牛”案中，“搭伙”关系更可能是一种租赁关系的。司法三段论的小前提（即作为陈述的案件事实）形成的相对独立性，是法官裁判合理性的必要条件。在司法程序中，双方诉讼当事人的参与使得“作为辩论的案件事实”能够从一个无限庞杂的案件客观事实中剥离出来。法官应当穷尽“作为辩论的案件事实”的全部细节来进行法律评判，从而形成作为陈述的案件事实，而非援引法律规范从案件客观事实中将其捡拾。