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71.
This study examines the role of the People’s Armed Police (PAP) in Chinese policing. While the PAP has been in existence for
over five decades, very little research has paid attention to the critical position that the PAP occupies in Chinese policing.
The history of the PAP between 1949 and 1982 was highlighted by a number of changes in name and a constant change of direct
control between the military and the public security. The PAP experienced a great expansion and became more stabilized in
organizational structure and missions after 1983. While it is part of China’s military forces, the PAP is currently involved
in a wide variety of law enforcement, order maintenance, and service activities. Its law enforcement function is carried out
chiefly through preventive patrol in urban areas. The most important order maintenance function shouldered by the PAP is the
disposition of mass incidents, which have increased dramatically in number and size and have become better organized over
the past two decades. The Chinese government also often mobilizes the PAP to undertake emergency rescue and disaster relief
tasks. The PAP will continue to be a critical force in the Chinese police system. Its leaders as well as the government should
seek ways to improve the legitimacy of the force. 相似文献
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Knowledge in the policy process: Incorporating new environmental information in natural resources policy making 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Efforts by both natural and social scientists have brought significant new bodies of information to bear on natural resources policy making. Among these have been new insights in conservation biology and landscape ecology, new methods for valuing intangible resource benefits, and new frameworks for resource accounting. The use of these new sources of information is analyzed from a Lasswellian policy process perspective, with illustrations from recent experience with U.S. national forest planning. A distinction is made between the impact of new information on ordinary as contrasted to constitutive policy making. This experience suggests that these new sources of information may increase emphasis on sustainable, multiple benefit use of resources, but they can also shift power away from non-expert actors, undermine rights arguments, polarize debates over appropriate resource use, and delay timely decisionmaking. 相似文献
78.
Ivan Sascha Sheehan 《Peace Review》2014,26(1):121-128
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Ivan Illich 《新观察季刊》2009,26(4):80-89
Because of his groundbreaking critique of mass industrial society in such books as Energy and Equity, Medical Nemesis: The Expropriation of Health, Toward a History of Needs and Deschooling Society Ivan Illich was considered a founding thinker of the alternative and ecological movements, the prophet of an "era of limits."
This conversation took place at Illich's rustic retreat in Ocotopec, Mexico, in the spring of 1989. (The title of the second chapter of Al Gore's 1992 book, The Earth in Balance is taken from this interview—"The Shadow Our Future Throws.")
Illich was no armchair witness but lived what he preached. In the early 1990s he developed a large tumor that protruded from his right temple. Claiming the right not to be a patient but to "die without diagnosis" as part of "hygienic autonomy," he was never treated, smoking opium to ease the pain over his last years. He died—without diagnosis—in 2002 in Bremen, Germany. 相似文献
This conversation took place at Illich's rustic retreat in Ocotopec, Mexico, in the spring of 1989. (The title of the second chapter of Al Gore's 1992 book, The Earth in Balance is taken from this interview—"The Shadow Our Future Throws.")
Illich was no armchair witness but lived what he preached. In the early 1990s he developed a large tumor that protruded from his right temple. Claiming the right not to be a patient but to "die without diagnosis" as part of "hygienic autonomy," he was never treated, smoking opium to ease the pain over his last years. He died—without diagnosis—in 2002 in Bremen, Germany. 相似文献
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