What Matters Most in Selecting top Chinese Leaders? A Qualitative Comparative Analysis

This article analyses the selection criterion of China’s most powerful leading body—the Politburo Standing Committee—by using Qualitative Comparative Analysis and the latest data of the 18th Party Congress in 2012. It finds that age, combined with institutional rules, is one of the dominant factors in deciding the appointment of leaders in 2012, suggesting the significance of institutional rules in today’s elite politics in China. It also finds that candidates’ patron-client ties with senior leaders did play a role but they are not always positive in terms of the career advancement of candidates. Moreover, and perhaps surprisingly, this study finds that powerful family backgrounds do not have positive impacts on promotion at the highest level.     

Changing Manners of Displaying Loyalties through Ideological Campaigns in Post-Deng China

Ideological campaigns in post-Deng China have a strategic function of discerning loyalties of local leaders. Previous empirical studies have found that Jiang Zemin’s followers are more likely to echo Jiang’s ideological campaigns. Through a content analysis of provincial newspapers between 2005 and 2012, this study suggests that the manner of displaying loyalties has completely changed. By employing a panel-corrected standard errors (PCSE) estimation, this study finds that protégés of both Hu Jintao and Jiang Zemin are less likely to echo their patron’s ideological campaigns, suggesting the shifting function of ideological campaigns from monitoring identified followers’ loyalties to recruiting new followers. This article argues that this is a result of changing elite politics and—more importantly—the different strategic use of ideological campaigns.     

Institutionalization of the authoritarian leadership in China: a power succession system with Chinese characteristics?

To transfer power successfully at the top and prevent a leadership split during this process has always been extremely challenging for authoritarian regimes. Yet, power succession in China has demonstrated a high degree of stability in the past two decades. How did the authoritarian regime in China perform its leadership transition in an orderly and smooth manner? This paper argues that 30 years of institutionalization has resulted in the development of a power succession system with Chinese characteristics. By offering a large amount of primary and secondary data on Chinese elite politics, this paper analyses the institutional development of succession politics and its impacts on regime stability and legitimacy in China. The case of the Chinese succession system provides a dramatic example in understanding ‘authoritarian resilience’.     

Chinese views of global economic governance

China’s rise and America’s global retreat have made China’s role in global governance more important than ever before. By analysing Chinese (mainly academic) literature, this article studies contemporary Chinese views of global economic governance. It finds that the 2008 financial crisis is a notable point of the Chinese discourse. In addition, dialogue platforms – the G20 in particular – rather than key institutions of global economic governance such as International Monetary Fund (IMF), World Bank and Word Trade Organization (WTO) win overwhelming attention in the Chinese discourse. Chinese views of global economic governance also highly value the role of the state, while paying less attention to Non Governmental Organisations (NGO) and civil society. Overall, this article highlights a diverse, shifting and sometimes contradictory Chinese discourse on global economic governance, which helps to develop a more accurate understanding of China’s ambition in global economic governance.     

纸张的老化及检验

纸张随着时间及保存条件的变化会发生老化、变质。纸张老化同时可以通过各种分析方法进行测定,并有一定的规律,这为推断纸张的出厂年代提供了一定的依据和重要思路。     

对签字笔墨水的分析回顾及展望

文章叙述了目前国内外签字笔墨水的发展及主要成分,并介绍了分析签字笔墨水的方法。通过化学法和TLC法可以确定签字笔墨水是水性还是中性;利用GC／MS法可以确定签字笔墨水中溶荆成分及其变化;利用拉曼光谱法可以鉴别墨水中染料或颜料成分;利用红外反射法可将29种墨水分为三类;利用扫描电镜法可以通过颜料形态的差别鉴别颜料基墨水。     

福建省产业公共技术服务平台建设研究

产业公共技术服务平台是为产业发展提供技术服务的支撑体系.加快福建省产业公共技术服务平台建设是增强区域自主创新能力、加快产业发展的重要途径.在分析福建省产业平台建设现状与需求的基础上,提出要以提高企业的自主创新能力、提升产业技术水平为主线,根据福建省三大主导产业、重点培育发展的高新技术产业、有竞争优势的传统产业,以及产业集群对共性技术和关键技术的需求,在中小企业比较集中和具有产业集聚优势的地区,重点建立一批产业公共技术服务平台.要加强平台建设的宏观布局,以重点产业集群、国家级和省级高新区为载体,依托龙头企业,以福州、厦门、泉州三个主要城市为重点区域构建福建省产业公共技术服务平台体系.文章最后提出了推进平台建设的对策建议.