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151.
İ. Aytaç Kadıoğlu 《冲突和恐怖主义研究》2019,42(10):915-933
This article explores the extent to which the secret talks influenced the path of official negotiations toward ending Turkey's Kurdish conflict, which the scholarly literature has yet to assess. Utilizing interviews with key political actors, this article aims to close this gap by assessing the Oslo talks (2006–2011) as the most comprehensive secret contact between the Turkish government and Kurdistan Workers' Party. It demonstrates that the secret track is not merely a “pre-negotiation” stage aimed at de-escalating the violent conflict ahead of official talks, but also a crucial part of the negotiation stage aimed at establishing a final political agreement. 相似文献
152.
International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique - This study examines the concept of argumentation empirically, to correct the normative... 相似文献
153.
Quantitative Analysis of the Morphological Changes of the Pubic Symphyseal Face and the Auricular Surface and Implications for Age at Death Estimation 下载免费PDF全文
Chiara Villa Ph.D. Jo Buckberry Ph.D. Cristina Cattaneo M.D. Ph.D. Bruno Frohlich Ph.D. Niels Lynnerup M.D. Ph.D. D. M. Sc. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(3):556-565
Age estimation methods are often based on the age‐related morphological changes of the auricular surface and the pubic bone. In this study, a mathematical approach to quantify these changes has been tested analyzing the curvature variation on 3D models from CT and laser scans. The sample consisted of the 24 Suchey–Brooks (SB) pubic bone casts, 19 auricular surfaces from the Buckberry and Chamberlain (BC) “recording kit” and 98 pelvic bones from the Terry Collection (Smithsonian Institution). Strong and moderate correlations between phases and curvature were found in SB casts (ρ 0.60–0.93) and BC “recording kit” (ρ 0.47–0.75), moderate and weak correlations in the Terry Collection bones (pubic bones: ρ 0.29–0.51, auricular surfaces: ρ 0.33–0.50) but associated with large individual variability and overlap of curvature values between adjacent decades. The new procedure, requiring no expert judgment from the operator, achieved similar correlations that can be found in the classic methods. 相似文献
154.
Shells and Bones: A Forensic Medicine Study of the Association of Terrestrial Snail Allopeas micra with Buried Human Remains in Brazil 下载免费PDF全文
Malthus Fonseca Galvão Ph.D. M.D. José Roberto Pujol‐Luz Ph.D. Cristiane Vieira de Assis Pujol‐Luz Ph.D. Cássio Thyone Almeida de Rosa B.Sc. Luiz Ricardo L. Simone Ph.D. M.D. Sônia Nair Báo Ph.D. Karine Brenda Barros‐Cordeiro M.Sc. Larissa Pessoa M.Sc. Giovanna Bissacot D.M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2015,60(5):1369-1372
Little is known regarding the scavenger fauna associated with buried human corpses, particularly in clandestine burials. We report the presence of 20 shells of the terrestrial snail Allopeas micra, within hollow bones of human remains buried for 5 years, during the process of collecting DNA material. The fact that a large number of shells of A. micra had been found in the corpse and in the crime scene supports the assumption that there was no attempt to remove the corpse from the area where the crime occurred. Despite this, our observations cannot be used to estimate the postmortem interval because there is no precise knowledge about the development of this species. This is the first record of a terrestrial snail associated with a human corpse and its role in this forensic medicine case. 相似文献
155.
Paula Proena Helena Teixeira Joo Pinheiro Paula V. Monsanto Duarte Nuno Vieira 《Forensic Science International Supplement Series》2007,170(2-3):200
Tianeptine (Stablon®), although structurally similar to tricyclic antidepressants, acts by enhancing the reuptake of serotonin. A fatal case is presented involving a 26-year-old man, found lying in bed with a “mushroom of foam” around his mouth. Empty blister packs of Stablon® and a suicide note were found next to the body. A liquid–liquid extraction procedure with n-hexane: ethyl acetate and n-hexane: 2-propanol, followed by LC-DAD-MS analysis, using positive mode electrospray ionization was performed. The detection limit was 0.001 μg/mL. The toxicological results revealed the following tianeptine concentrations in the post-mortem samples: blood 5.1 μg/mL; urine 2.0 μg/mL; liver 23 μg/g; stomach contents 22 mg. Femoral blood analyses also revealed an ethanol concentration of 0.53 g/L. The present method was also developed and validated for the other post-mortem specimens, since no previous published data had confirmed the post-mortem distribution of tianeptine. The absence of other suitable direct causes of death (macroscopic or histological) and the positive results achieved with the toxicological analysis led the pathologist to rule that death was due to an intoxication caused by the suicidal ingestion of tianeptine in combination with alcohol. 相似文献
156.
Turning points in the INF negotiations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
157.
Two issues currently dominate the UK's constitutional landscape: the UK's membership of the European Union (EU) on the one hand; and the unsettled constitutional settlements between the UK and the devolved administrations of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland on the other. This article considers these two issues in concert. It stresses the distinct relationships between the EU and the devolved territories within the UK—concerning both devolved and non‐devolved policy areas—highlighting the salience of a devolved perspective in any consideration of UK–EU relations. Despite its importance, sensitivity to this has been lacking. The article explores the implications of a ‘Leave’ or ‘Remain’ outcome on the future of the internal territorial dynamics within the UK. While there are too many unknowns to be certain of anything, that there will be knock‐on effects is, however, beyond doubt. 相似文献
158.
A Practical Guide for the Formulation of Propositions in the Bayesian Approach to DNA Evidence Interpretation in an Adversarial Environment 下载免费PDF全文
Simone Gittelson Ph.D. Tim Kalafut Ph.D. Steven Myers M.S. Duncan Taylor Ph.D. Tacha Hicks Ph.D. Franco Taroni Ph.D. Ian W. Evett D.Sc. Jo‐Anne Bright Ph.D. John Buckleton D.Sc. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(1):186-195
The interpretation of complex DNA profiles is facilitated by a Bayesian approach. This approach requires the development of a pair of propositions: one aligned to the prosecution case and one to the defense case. This note explores the issue of proposition setting in an adversarial environment by a series of examples. A set of guidelines generalize how to formulate propositions when there is a single person of interest and when there are multiple individuals of interest. Additional explanations cover how to handle multiple defense propositions, relatives, and the transition from subsource level to activity level propositions. The propositions depend on case information and the allegations of each of the parties. The prosecution proposition is usually known. The authors suggest that a sensible proposition is selected for the defense that is consistent with their stance, if available, and consistent with a realistic defense if their position is not known. 相似文献
159.
S c o t t H a u g e r 《国际安全研究》2016,2(2)
This preliminary study traces how climate change came to be viewed
as a security issue in the United States through a review of policy documents and
reports prepared for and by the US security sector. The paper draws upon the ideas
of constructivist schools of security studies to provide an analytical framework for
understanding the meaning of the securitization process as it has occurred in the
United States. It then refl ects upon the adequacy of those frameworks to interpret the
securitization of climate change. In the US, new knowledge of the phenomenon of
climate change was fi rst constructed in the research sector, in the fi elds of meteorology
and atmospheric science. Environmental and Earth sciences then became a locus of
research, and climate change fi rst entered security discourse as a topic of environmental
protection. As the implications of climate change and its potential impact on water
resources, food production, diseases, infrastructure, and human migration came to
the attention of the security sector, this knowledge stimulated an internal discourse,
where each new document functioned both as a new securitization statement and as a
policy response to prior documents in a chain of discourse. Actors in this securitization
process included not only “speakers” making a securitization claim (knowledge claim)
and “audiences” that accept or reject a claim. Importantly, it also included actors who
were instrumental in translating knowledge between research and security sectors. This
brief consideration suggests that social science theories that center on practice are more
robust than those that center on discourse for interpreting the securitization of climate
change. Improved analytic frameworks need to better account for actors whose role is
to transfer and translate knowledge from one sector to another. 相似文献
160.
Ana Claudia Martins Ciconelle BSc MSc Renan Lucio Berbel da Silva DDS MSc Jun Ho Kim DDS MSc PhD Bruno Aragão Rocha MD Dênis Gonçalves dos Santos BSc Luis Gustavo Rocha Vianna BSc MSc Luma Gallacio Gomes Ferreira BSc Vinícius Henrique Pereira dos Santos Jeferson Orofino Costa DDS Renato Vicente BSc MSc PhD 《Journal of forensic sciences》2023,68(6):2057-2064
The objective of this study is to assess the performance of an innovative AI-powered tool for sex determination using panoramic radiographs (PR) and to explore factors affecting the performance of the convolutional neural network (CNN). The study involved 207,946 panoramic dental X-rays and their corresponding reports from 15 clinical centers in São Paulo, Brazil. The PRs were acquired with four different devices, and 58% of the patients were female. Data preprocessing included anonymizing the exams, extracting pertinent information from the reports, such as sex, age, type of dentition, and number of missing teeth, and organizing the data into a PostgreSQL database. Two neural network architectures, a standard CNN and a ResNet, were utilized for sex classification, with both undergoing hyperparameter tuning and cross-validation to ensure optimal performance. The CNN model achieved 95.02% accuracy in sex estimation, with image resolution being a significant influencing factor. The ResNet model attained over 86% accuracy in subjects older than 6 years and over 96% in those over 16 years. The algorithm performed better on female images, and the area under the curve (AUC) exceeded 96% for most age groups, except the youngest. Accuracy values were also assessed for different dentition types (deciduous, mixed, and permanent) and missing teeth. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of an AI-driven tool for sex determination using PR and emphasizes the role of image resolution, age, and sex in determining the algorithm's performance. 相似文献