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151.
Policies in areas or subsystems which are dominated by well-established policy communities tend to stability. However, policies that have firm political support and a solid ideological underpinning are occasionally subject to marked and whole-sale shifts which then stabilize around a new equilibrium position. This article examines one such discontinuity in policy: British coastal water policy between the 1950s and the 1990s. Once the concern of engineers and local authority interests, the question of how to deal with the sewage generated by coastal communities is now deeply contested between a wide variety of different actors including environmental groups and European authorities. What was once a relatively well-managed, professionalized policy community has become unstable as new ideas and domestic regulatory structures have forced the government to justify principles and practices that were implicit or simply rhetorical. This empirical example of what Weale has termed the 'new' politics of pollution, is tested against models of social learning developed by Paul Sabatier and Peter Hall, both of which lay great stress on the importance of changing ideas and beliefs as the main 'motor' of policy change. 相似文献
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Jordan Kiper 《Human Rights Review》2011,12(4):505-514
In light of the many recent criticisms of Henry Shue's philosophy, this article provides a defense of Shue's philosophical
argument for basic rights. The author demonstrates that the latest criticisms made by Thomas Pogge, Michael Payne, and Andrew
Cohen misconstrue Shue's position, and therefore fail to overturn the soundness of Shue's argument. Against those who contend
that basic rights demand too much, both logically and morally, the author argues that basic rights serve as the minimal threshold
for human dignity and the foundation for all other rights. Consequentially, the overall moral landscape is skewed if basic
rights are absent. 相似文献
159.
Paradise J 《Seton Hall law review》2011,41(2):501-510
This Book of the Seton Hall Law Review presents the contributions to Follow-On Biologics: Implementation Challenges and Opportunities, a one-day roundtable event hosted by Seton Hall University School of Law in the fall of 2010. The roundtable fostered an international dialogue regarding the future of follow-on biologics in the United States resulting from the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of March 2010. THE BIOLOGIC PRICE COMPETITION AND INNOVATION ACT OF 2010. The March 23, 2010, enactment of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) and the companion Health Care and Education Affordability Reconciliation Act of 2010 ushered in landmark reform of the American health care system. Along with sweeping overhauls of the health care system generally, PPACA also provides a new regulatory challenge for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). A subtitle within PPACA, the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA), bestows upon FDA broad authority to implement an abbreviated approval route to market for biological products (also known as biologics) that are "biosimilar" to an existing marketed product. The brief introduction will provide a basic comparison of biologics and conventional pharmaceutical drugs that will prove central to the FDA's development of this follow-on biologic pathway as well as specifically examine the content and scope of the BPCIA provisions and identify future challenges for the FDA. It will conclude by highlighting details of presentations during the roundtable held at the Seton Hall University School of Law and introduce the two resulting articles contained with this Book of the Seton Hall Law Review. 相似文献
160.
Engagement in after-school program activities: quality of experience from the perspective of participants 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Middle school students’ experiences at after-school programs were compared as they participated in different types of activities
and with different social partners. The students (N = 165) attended eight programs in three Midwestern states. A total of 1,596 experiences were randomly sampled using the Experience
Sampling Method (ESM) during 1 week in the fall of 2001 and 1 week in the spring of 2002. Student engagement was conceptualized
as the simultaneous experience of concentration, interest, and enjoyment. Students reported high levels of engagement while
participating in sports activities and arts enrichment activities at the after-school programs, and low levels of engagement
while completing homework at programs. They reported being more engaged in activities involving both adults and peers than
activities with peers only. Concentrated effort, intrinsic motivation, and positive and negative mood states were also compared
by program activities and social partners. Findings about participants’ subjective experiences and engagement in specific
program activities have implications for understanding after-school programs as a context for youth development.
David J. Shernoff is an assistant professor of educational psychology at Northern Illinois University broadly interested the relationship between human development and education. He completed his doctoral studies at the University of Chicago and the Sloan Center for Working Families, where he applied Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi’s theory of flow and Experience Sampling Method (ESM) to the study of engaging educational contexts. From 2000 to 2003, he served as a post-doctoral fellow at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. His recent publications include “Student engagement in high school classrooms from the perspective of flow theory” in School Psychology Quarterly, 18, 158–76 (with M. Csikszentmihalyi, B. Schneider, and E. S. Shernoff 2003). Deborah Lowe Vandell is the Chair of the Department of Education at the University of California, Irvine where she holds a joint appointment in the Department of Psychology and Social Behavior. Prior to these appointments, Professor Vandell was the Sears Bascom Professor of Education at the University of Wisconsin, Madison where she held appointments in Educational Psychology, Human Development and Family Studies, and Psychology. Professor Vandell is principle investigator of several multi-site studies examining child care, family, and after-school experiences. The author of more than 130 articles, Dr. Vandell’s research has focused on the effects of developmental contexts (early child care, schools, after-school programs, families, neighborhoods) on children’s social, behavioral, and academic functioning. 相似文献
Deborah Lowe VandellEmail: |
David J. Shernoff is an assistant professor of educational psychology at Northern Illinois University broadly interested the relationship between human development and education. He completed his doctoral studies at the University of Chicago and the Sloan Center for Working Families, where he applied Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi’s theory of flow and Experience Sampling Method (ESM) to the study of engaging educational contexts. From 2000 to 2003, he served as a post-doctoral fellow at the University of Wisconsin, Madison. His recent publications include “Student engagement in high school classrooms from the perspective of flow theory” in School Psychology Quarterly, 18, 158–76 (with M. Csikszentmihalyi, B. Schneider, and E. S. Shernoff 2003). Deborah Lowe Vandell is the Chair of the Department of Education at the University of California, Irvine where she holds a joint appointment in the Department of Psychology and Social Behavior. Prior to these appointments, Professor Vandell was the Sears Bascom Professor of Education at the University of Wisconsin, Madison where she held appointments in Educational Psychology, Human Development and Family Studies, and Psychology. Professor Vandell is principle investigator of several multi-site studies examining child care, family, and after-school experiences. The author of more than 130 articles, Dr. Vandell’s research has focused on the effects of developmental contexts (early child care, schools, after-school programs, families, neighborhoods) on children’s social, behavioral, and academic functioning. 相似文献