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121.
Brint Milward Laura Jensen Alasdair Roberts Mauricio I. Dussauge‐Laguna Veronica Junjan René Torenvlied Arjen Boin H. K. Colebatch Donald Kettl Robert Durant 《管理》2016,29(3):311-334
Public management is a domain of research that is now roughly three decades old. Researchers in this area have made important advances in understanding about the performance of public organizations. But questions have been raised about the scope and methods of public management research (PMR). Does it neglect important questions about the development of major institutions of the modern state? Has it focused unduly on problems of the advanced democracies? Has it made itself irrelevant to public debates about the role and design of government, and the capacity of public institutions to deal with emerging challenges? This set of eight short essays were prepared for a roundtable held at the research conference of the PMR Association at the University of Aarhus in June 2016. Contributors were asked to consider the question: Is PMR neglecting the state? 相似文献
122.
Scholars concur that conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs have a strong proincumbent effect among beneficiaries. Although no study has properly focused on the overall effect of cash transfers on incumbents' national vote shares, most scholars have deduced that this effect is positive; i.e., that cash transfers lead to the expansion of incumbents' electoral bases. This article analyzes survey data from nearly all Latin American countries and confirms that beneficiaries of CCT programs are more likely to support incumbents. However, it also shows that CCT programs may induce many voters who were previously incumbent supporters to vote for the opposition. As a consequence, the overall impact of cash transfers on incumbents' vote shares is indeterminate; it depends on the balance between both patterns of behavioral changes among voters. This study is the first to report evidence that cash transfer programs may have significant anti‐incumbent effects. 相似文献
123.
An Ever-Shadowed Past? Citizens’ Attitudes towards the Dictatorship in Twenty-First Century Portugal
José Santana-Pereira Filipa Raimundo António Costa Pinto 《South European society & politics》2016,21(2):197-210
AbstractSeveral years after the transition to democracy, positive attitudes towards the authoritarian past are still observable in Portugal: the belief that the previous regime had more good things than bad things is expressed by about one-fifth of the Portuguese. What explains this nostalgic sentiment? Are factors such as socialisation under the regime, party identification or religiosity more important than satisfaction with democracy and the state of the economy? The empirical analysis suggests that the relevance of these factors varies considerably, but socialisation phases lead to different stances on the past both in routine times and in times of economic crisis. 相似文献
124.
A Wormian Bone,Mimicking an Entry Gunshot Wound of the Skull,in an Anthropological Specimen
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125.
126.
Anna Torres Purificación Navarro Fernando Gutiérrez Maria Jesús Tarragona Maria Luisa Imaz Carlos Ascaso Zoe Herreras Manuel Valdés Lluïsa Garcia-Esteve 《Journal of family violence》2016,31(2):137-145
This article describes the development and testing of the psychometric properties of the Partner Violence Entrapment Scale (PVES), an instrument that evaluates the women’s perceived reasons for staying in violent partner relationships. After initial pilot testing, the scale was administered to 213 Spanish women who were victims of intimate partner violence (IPV). An exploratory factor analysis identified six factors: Socio-Economic Problems, Attachment and Fear of Loneliness, Blaming Oneself and Resignation, Impact on Children, Fear of Harm and Worry for the Partner, and Feelings of Confusion. Discriminant validity was established by demonstrating associations between PVES factors and socio-demographic, clinical and abuse variables. The scale appears to be a useful assessment tool for social and clinical settings. Its factor structure, reliability, and validity need to be replicated in other populations and samples. 相似文献
127.
Isabel-María?García-Sánchez Beatriz?Cuadrado-BallesterosEmail author José-Valeriano?Frías-Aceituno 《European Journal of Law and Economics》2016,42(3):515-537
Government effectiveness could be explained by the level of well-informed electorate members, who use the press to learn more about politicians and public servants. Thus, a free press may improve citizens’ accessibility to this information, which in turn will make it more difficult for politicians and public servants to cover up or get away with corrupt behaviour, so the quality of the government could be affected by the media freedom. Accordingly, the main aim of this paper is to determine the effect of the freedom of the press on government effectiveness, considering additionally environmental, institutional, and political characteristics as factors that could determine the level of government effectiveness. To achieve this aim, we examined 202 central governments and compared them across countries using the World Bank data set of Governance Indicators for 2002–2008. The results show that the media, the organizational environment, and political characteristics may be determinants of the level of government effectiveness, taking countries’ economic development into account. 相似文献
128.
Ricardo de João Braga André Rehbein Sathler Roberto Campos da Rocha Miranda 《The Journal of Legislative Studies》2016,22(4):460-483
ABSTRACTThis article analyses the institutional development of the Brazilian Chamber of Deputies (BCD) from 1826 to the present. Legislature careers, the internal organisation of the BCD, the current system for filling positions within the committees and electoral rules are the objects of this study. The process of development of the BCD should be understood in light of the dynamics of the Brazilian political system, which has undergone significant ruptures of regime, and also in light of the nearly permanent fragility of the democracy, especially of its representative components. It is an institution with legislature career patterns that vary through time, but always point towards opportunities out of the BCD, a stable, hierarchical and complex mode of organisation that currently values parties as distributors of opportunities. It is, above all, an institution that is subject to external influences from other parts of the political system, which diminish its autonomy and self-determination, as shown by the example of the rule for the adjudication of terms. With its 190 years, the BCD has evolved along with Brazilian democracy and today, although boasting a great structure and large resources, it still needs to establish itself as a decisive and permanent actor in driving public policies and communication (parties and government projects) with voters. 相似文献
129.
According to critical literature, psychiatrization is a central feature of gendered social control. It operates in a twofold
process: by orienting women to medical institutions rather than the penal system, and, for those women who do enter the criminal
justice system, by favoring an interpretation of their behavior in terms of mental health problems. However, the production
of gendered social control cannot be reduced to institutional decision-making; it also leaves its traces in various discursive
forms. One such form is forensic psychiatrists' discourse on the offenders they evaluate. Our study analyzes these forensic
reports as units of a computerized database. Our goal is to gain insight into the text by means of systematic quantitative
and qualitative procedures. Even though the expert discourse is shaped by specifications requested by the court, the discourse
examined here constructs two very distinct identities that do not correspond to stereotyped conceptions about femininity and
masculinity. 相似文献
130.
Claramunt Carlos Ochando Arroyo Salvador Carrasco 《European Journal of Political Research》2000,38(2):261-284
Abstract There are two clearly differentiated parts to this work. The first consists of a review of the theoretical arguments that underlie the so–called 'resources of power hypothesis' . That theory has been used to explain the growth and development of the Welfare State in several European countries. The findings of a number of empirical works backing up that theory have also been included in this review. The intention of the second part is to check the theory against the Spanish case between 1975 and 1995. The conclusion of this work is that if, besides considering the ideological persuasion of the party controlling the government, we take into account the other relevant factors encompassed by the theory, then the 'resources of power hypothesis' is valid in explaining and interpreting the make–up and scope of the Spanish Welfare State. 相似文献