Tax policy as a lifeline: encouraging blood and organ donation through tax credits

This article, the second concerning the organ donation crisis, proposes the use of tax policy to encourage blood and organ donation. After critiquing the ethical and logistical problems posed by other commercial and non-commercial solutions, the author demonstrates how tax credits can be used as an effective and ethical solution to address the shortage of donors. The author also offers two model statutes that provide guidance as to how a nonrefundable tax credit for blood and organ donation might operate in the tax code.     

邓小平国际战略思想特征分析

邓小平国际战略思想以其突出的特点和鲜明的表现形式,成为中华民族在和平与发展成为世界主题的时代的战略思想和战略谋划,是中华民族观察世界、发展自己的强大思想武器,是中华民族进取于世界并贡献于人类的时代精神的理论表现,是邓小平留给我们的宝贵精神财富。     

中国共产党百年历程的三个“历史决议”及其比较

中国共产党百年历程中三个重要的"历史决议",是党和人民正确看待历史的最好教材,是党和人民集体智慧的结晶。比较好、理解好这三个"历史决议"的相同点和不同点对我们更加深入地了解中国共产党的百年历史,并以更强烈的历史主动性与责任担当为实现第二个百年奋斗目标接续奋斗具有重要意义。     

“Between Two Communities So Diverse”: Confrontation and Collaboration in Cuba, 1898–1902

In 1898, the United States government took possession of Cuba. Rather than annexation, the William McKinley Administration chose to create a new nation-state. Cuba’s fate therefore was unlike that of the Philippines, waiting until after the Second World War for independence. It leads to a question: when it came to Cuba, why the choice of creating a nation rather than annexation? The short answer is that the Cubans would have resisted annexation by force. The longer—and more interesting—answer is that annexation became unnecessary: Over time, Cuba’s nationalist elite proved willing to co-operate with American interests, and McKinley’s Administration left Cuba in nationalist hands, provided those hands were bound by the Platt Amendment. Historians have argued that Cuban nationalists co-operated because of coercion. Whilst true, Cuba’s nationalists also saw value in a relationship with the United States. Therefore, Cuba’s new leaders resisted American demands in ways not only to preserve the good opinion of Washington, but to prove themselves capable of civilised self-government.     

Explaining high external efficacy in authoritarian countries: a comparison of China and Taiwan

We examine the puzzling phenomenon that authoritarian governments are perceived to be more responsive than democratic governments. By comparing China and Taiwan by both large-N statistical analyses and in-depth case studies, we show that the answer lies in the differences between democratic and authoritarian institutions. First, failing to elect one’s preferred candidate in democracies predisposes voters to critical assessment of government responsiveness. There is no such predisposition in authoritarian countries where elections are nonexistent or nominal. Second, elections incentivize democratic leaders to over-respond to certain groups. There is no such mechanism in authoritarian countries. Third, the solid and clear legitimacy established by electoral victories shield democratic leaders from particularistic demands made through unconventional channels. Without such legitimacy, authoritarian leaders are compelled to cement legitimacy by increasing responsiveness.     

国家治理体系现代化的制度样本——评析《重大行政决策程序暂行条例》

《重大行政决策程序暂行条例》是新时代推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的制度样本。它统筹协调处理行政决策所涉及的多种关系,以形成良法善治的制度合力。理论上,它对行政决策范围的界定、重大行政决策的判断标准、公众参与的模式、合法性审查的模式、行政决策的终身责任追究等方面进行了回应或取舍。制度上,它对适用主体、重大决策事项划定方式、创新和拓展公众参与渠道、专家库和专家信用体系建设等问题进行了回应与设计。     

美国现代农业的主要特点

美国是当今世界农业现代化程度最高的国家,早在19世纪60年代,在一系列政策的指导下,美国农业就开始步入现代化进程。经过长期发展,现代农业成为美国最具竞争力的优势产业之一。美国现代农业的特点及发展经验，对于中国农业现代化建设有着重要启示。     

建筑物责任的解释论——以《侵权责任法》第85条为中心

《侵权责任法》第85条所规定的建筑物责任,既有借鉴比较法的方面,又有若干独特之处。就责任主体中的管理人,在传统型之外,有必要承认物业公司作为扩张型管理人。使用人的责任原因并不取决于其是否承担维护义务,而在于其违反了瑕疵发现及通知义务。就责任原因,在脱落、坠落之外,有必要采体系解释方法,阐扬司法解释维护、管理瑕疵的内涵。责任主体之间原则上并不负连带责任,但使用人与所有人或者管理人之间,可依《侵权责任法》第11条承担连带责任。第85条中的向其他责任人追偿并非代位求偿。