浅析中国城镇居民的住房消费能力

我国从1980年提出了住房改革的思路到1998年出台停止住房实物分配,逐步实现住房分配货币化为核心的住房制度改革方案,历经20个年头,改革走过了一条不平凡的路。但作为人们最基本的生活消费品,城镇居民住房无论是居住面积、住房成套率还是辅助设施、居住环境,长期以来都明显偏低。随着城镇人口的不断增长,人们生活水平和质量的不断提高,住房的消费需求潜力是巨大的。     

对完善增值税的几点看法

文章对完善我国增值税提出如下建议(1)扩大增值税征收范围;(2)规范对纳税人的分类管理;(3)尽快实施消费型增值税;(4)加强税务干部的业务素质和执法守法意识.     

国际法视野下船舶优先权与相关权利的冲突与衡平

船舶优先权是海商法的特有制度,是国家为了发展航运事业,在调整船舶财产关系时,对船舶的保值和存续起着至关重要的作用,由立法设定的一种优先权的特别形式.在船舶优先权制度的理论研究和实践操作方面,最重要的一项任务就是研究如何解决船舶优先权的效力冲突问题.船舶优先权效力冲突主要涉及船舶优先权之间的效力冲突,船舶优先权与船舶抵押...     

公共权力的异化及其制约监督机制

关于当前中国腐败的本质及其成因,学术界众说纷纭。其实,腐败的本质就是公共权力的异化（公共权力的滥用和私用）,而公共权力的异化则源自国家公共权力及其行使者内在矛盾的两重性。只有构建公共权力的制约和监督机制,才能从源头上预防和遏制腐败行为。探索公共权力异化的根源及其制约监督机制,有助于推进反腐倡廉工作的深入展开。     

改善中小企业融资环境探讨

中小企业是社会生活中不可或缺的重要组成部分 ,但在其发展过程中遇到很多困难 ,其中融资困难是影响中小企业发展的主要问题。要解决融资难的问题 ,必须改革金融制度 ,拓宽融资渠道 ,完善融资体系 ,进而为中小企业创造良好的融资环境。     

Age-at-death estimation by pulp/tooth area ratio in canines: study of a 20th-century Mexican sample of prisoners to test Cameriere's method

Accurate age estimation has always been a problem for forensic scientists, and apposition of secondary dentine is often used as an indicator of age. Cameriere et al. studied the pulp/tooth area ratio by peri-apical X-ray images of the canines, to observe the apposition of secondary dentine. The present study examines the application of this technique in a Mexican identified sample coming from the Department of Physical Anthropology of the INAH, at Mexico City. The main aim of this work is to test the reliability of this method in a skeletal sample of a specific population, different from the samples used for its development. The obtained regression model explained 96.2% of total variance (R(2) = 0.962) with a standard error of estimate of 1.909 and a standard deviation of 1.947. These results demonstrate great reliability and that the age/secondary dentine relationship is not variable in this specific population.     

Does media freedom improve government effectiveness? A comparative cross-country analysis

Government effectiveness could be explained by the level of well-informed electorate members, who use the press to learn more about politicians and public servants. Thus, a free press may improve citizens’ accessibility to this information, which in turn will make it more difficult for politicians and public servants to cover up or get away with corrupt behaviour, so the quality of the government could be affected by the media freedom. Accordingly, the main aim of this paper is to determine the effect of the freedom of the press on government effectiveness, considering additionally environmental, institutional, and political characteristics as factors that could determine the level of government effectiveness. To achieve this aim, we examined 202 central governments and compared them across countries using the World Bank data set of Governance Indicators for 2002–2008. The results show that the media, the organizational environment, and political characteristics may be determinants of the level of government effectiveness, taking countries’ economic development into account.