对《婚姻法解释(三)》第7条立法技术的评判——兼议与《婚姻法解释(二)》第22条的衔接

父母为子女所购置的房屋的归属成为离婚双方关注的重点。在保护父母利益之意图下,《婚姻法解释(三)》第7条将"产权登记主体"与"明确表示赠与一方"进行链接。然而该条规定在立法技术方面存在严重的问题,如将规制对象改为"不动产"将造成与《婚姻法解释(二)》第22条衔接困难,"出资"范围不明确造成适用上的困难,"按份共有"不符合我国共有制度以及夫妻财产制度,等等。     

股东直索责任性质的博弈解析

我国《公司法》第20条与第64条对股东直索责任采“连带责任”提法，但对究竞为何种连带责任却语焉不详，由此形成学界争议。直索责任的性质问题在本质上是共同连带责任与主从连带责任的制度抉择，是法律对于选择权的不同配置。在由两种责任方式所构建的不同博弈模型中，可观测到债权人与股东各自如何作出不同的行动决策并进而导致何种结果，从而得出共同连带责任的制度安排更为切合制度目标的结论。     

论我国公民体育权利与法律制度保障

现代社会公民的体育权利是一项基本人权,体育权利的实现需要建立较为完善和实操性强的体育法律制度。体育权利内容和我国现行体育法律及制度应加强体育法规的宣传;出台与《体育法》配套的法规政策;逐步确立＂体育权利本位＂的理念,才能防止体育权力对体育权益的剥夺和侵害,维护公民实际享有体育权利。     

Axonal injury in young pediatric head trauma: a comparison study of β-amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) immunohistochemical staining in traumatic and nontraumatic deaths

We tested the independent utility of β-amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) immunohistochemical staining as evidence of brain trauma in the deaths of young children. Blinded reviewers retrospectively reviewed immunostained brain tissues from homicidal deaths, age-matched control cases without evidence of trauma, as well as cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The reviewers correctly identified five of the seven cases with documented inflicted head trauma. However, one of seven age-matched control cases and one of 10 SIDS/sudden unexplained death in infancy (SUDI) cases demonstrated staining patterns similar to those seen in cases of inflicted trauma. We discuss these cases and the circumstances surrounding them with the intent to explain the difficulties associated with immunohistological interpretation of axonal injury. Although the utility of β-APP is quite powerful if not confounded by global hypoxic-ischemic injury, ultimately, β-APP studies should be only one piece of information in the determination of cause and manner of death.     

SPE/UPLC法检测血中吗啡、苯丙胺类及氯胺酮

目的建立SPE/UPLC方法在同一条件下同时检测血中吗啡、苯丙胺类及氯胺酮。方法采用SCX 3cc（60mg）固相萃取柱萃取血中吗啡、MA、MDMA、MDA及氯胺酮,用超高效液相色谱（UPLC）-二极管阵列检测器（PDA）检测,结合保留时间和紫外光谱进行定性、定量分析,对实验各环节进行优化,并进行实际案例检测。结果吗啡、MA、MDMA、MDA、氯胺酮的固相萃取提取回收率分别为81.4%±2.51%、88.2%±2.48%、91.8%±2.03%、93.8%±1.46%、74.8%±2.27%,峰面积和质量浓度的线性关系良好（r〉0.999）,线性范围分别为0.08～100μg/mL、0.4～100μg/mL、0.2～75μg/mL、0.3～75μg/mL、0.4～100μg/mL,检出限分别为30pg、200pg、80pg、100pg、200pg。结论本文所建方法适用于血中吗啡、苯丙胺类、氯胺酮常见毒品的筛选及定量分析。     

Legitimacy of Inequality in a Highly Unequal Context: Evidence from the Chilean Case

Economic inequality is usually assumed to be a threat to social cohesion and democracy. Nevertheless, this opposition of inequality and democracy is based on further assumptions such as (a) that people perceive economic inequality accurately, and (b) that, by and large they consider inequality unjust. Research into distributive issues has not found consistent support for neither of these assumptions. Quite the contrary, empirical evidence indicates that economic inequality is widely misperceived and that inequality is to some extent considered legitimate. So far most of the empirical evidence in the area of legitimacy comes from experimental studies in the developed world. The present research aims at widening the scope of legitimacy studies by focusing on Chile as a case country, one of the societies with the highest economic inequality worldwide, guided by the question to what extent is economic inequality considered legitimate in a context of high economic inequality? In addressing this question, and based on previous evidence, the article proposes a way to evaluate (a) the legitimacy of inequality at a country level via survey research, and (b) the role of inequality perception and justice ideologies in the justification of economic inequality. The data to be analyzed is the public opinion survey International Social Justice Project (ISJP), implemented in Chile in the year 2007 (n = 890). Multivariate analysis results reveal signs of legitimacy of inequality in Chile, opening a series of issues regarding the acceptance and stability of unequal distributions.     

The Status and Characteristics of Couple Violence in China

A couple’s relationship is very important to marital well-being as well as the harmony of family and society. Violent behaviors in marriage have bad effects on people’s physical and mental health and cause large social burdens. In this study, we investigated 194 couples in Beijing to explore the status and characteristics of couple violence from three aspects by using Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2). We conclude that: (1) Couple violence is universal, although the frequency is not so high. Prevalence and frequency of psychological violence are higher than physical and sexual violence; rate of wives’ victimization is significantly higher than that of husbands; frequency of the perpetration of sexual violence by husbands is significantly higher than that by wives. (2) There is concurrence of different types of couple violence. Specifically, physical and sexual violence are usually accompanied by psychological violence; however, psychological violence exists independently. (3) Couple violence is often bidirectional, especially in psychological violence. (4) Marital length is negatively correlated to wives’ perpetration of physical violence and their victimization of sexual violence.     

收入风险与个人职业选择——基于风险态度的研究

本文采用"北京市企事业单位职工就业状况调查"的数据,对北京市国有部门和私人部门职工的收入风险、风险态度与其职业选择之间的关系进行了实证研究。结果发现:越愿意冒风险的个体,越不会选择去国有部门工作,这反映了风险态度对个人职业选择的影响;个人选择在国有部门工作,主要是考虑到收入、工作压力、社会地位、工作稳定性这四个因素;就我们的调查样本而言,只有受过较高教育程度(硕士及以上)的个体选择私人部门工作才获得了收入风险补偿。据此,文章提出了完善劳动力市场的政策建议。     

论我国古代行政派出组织的缘起、特点与影响

我国古代政府为了实现中央对地方的监察,对特定区域的治理,完成特定的任务,派出机关、派出机构以及派出官吏等形式各异的政府派出组织,利用自身虚位性、临时性、灵活性的特点,通过分权的方式分散派往各地的派出组织来强化中央集权国家控制的同时,对地方政府行政区划的设置、监察制度、职官制度的演变发展等方面均产生了深远影响。     

信息披露:政府采购腐败防治的新审视

阳光采购对政府采购信息披露具有四大目标诉求:公开、明确、及时与诚信。然而,当前我国政府采购信息披露在认识、制度、执行和技术层面等四重缺失造成的信息不对称,严重影响了政府采购的公平公正,并诱发腐败行为的产生。因此,只有加强认知教育、完善制度建设、优化执行管理、强化技术支持,才能真正发挥信息披露在预防和遏制政府采购腐败中的作用。