Climate Challenged Society

Climate Challenged Society. By J.S. Dryzek, R.B. Norgaard and D. Schlossberg (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013), £16.34 (pb).     

Political and social rights for second country nationals: freedom of movement and citizenship in Australasia

Agreements allowing regional freedom of movement inevitably raise questions about the citizenship status and rights of those who exercise regional mobility. In the case of the European Union, such questions have received considerable academic attention, particularly since the creation of European citizenship in 1992. Little attention has been paid to Australasia, where a long-standing freedom of movement agreement, the trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement (TTTA), permits New Zealanders and Australians to live and work indefinitely in each others' country. As the two countries pursue a single economic market, the TTTA has played a central role in facilitating the creation of a regional labour market. Changes to Australian social security and citizenship legislation, however, have meant that many New Zealanders permanently resident in Australia have limited social and political rights, and no access to citizenship. This article extends debates about whether the political and social rights of citizenship ought to be granted to second-country nationals into the Australasian context. It examines a range of arrangements by which citizenship could be protected during the current period of intense economic integration in Australasia, asking which provides the best fit with existing constitutional and political arrangements.     

On The Class Location Of Contract Farmers In The Kenyan Economy

The purpose of this paper is to address some contemporary issues in the debate about rural social transformation: the so called ‘peasantry debate’. In order to clarifty these issues, we discuss material collected in Kenya on tobacco contract farming. Our intention is to integrate theoretical and substantive analyses of the current Kenyan situation. Tobacco farming is, we argue, a particularly clear instance of a form of subsumption of petty commodity production to capital. Although British-American Tobacco concentrates all the moments of capital–productive, circulating, and merchant –within a unified organisational framework, it enters the local growersapos; economy in the form of merchant capital. Combined with the active support of the Kenyan state, this has the effect of shoring up the household productive form. However, it does not (as some would argue) create a class of rural accumulators. Household production is sustained only at subsistence level. Contract farming is not, in our view, an ‘agent of transformation’ although pressures from the world economy might in time, have the effect of eroding the present form of exchange between Bat (K) and tobacco growers.     

东亚区域间主义:理论与现实

作为国际治理结构的一部分,东亚的区域间主义在解决当代国际关系中日益增多的跨区域问题发挥了重要作用。本文从经验和理论层面对区域间主义的概念、形式进行了梳理,扩大了对东亚区域间主义的理论认识。通过相关理论分析,本文认为权力平衡、利益共享、地区身份建构等因素直接推动了东亚区域间主义的发展,但东亚区域间主义仍然处于考验之中,其发展还取决于诸多相关因素。     

国内进程、不对称互动与体系变化——中国、东盟与东亚合作

本文从中国—东盟关系以及东亚体系文化的转变这一问题出发,试图建立一个地区体系文化转型的理论模型。本文提出,推动地区文化转型的过程有两个:一是地区大国的国内进程,尤其是国内观念和规范层面的变化;二是地区大国与地区其他国家的互动,包括互动内容和互动方式。本文假设,国内政治、经济和社会进程的变化导致地区大国在对外交往中与他者的互动方式和互主身份发生变化,其中最为重要的是地区大国与地区制度主导行为体的关系变化,如果大国在上升过程中能够与该行为体进行不对称互动,让其主导互动过程,并使互动的物质和规范收益向其倾斜,就能与之实现相互认同,并进而在此过程中被地区制度社会化,从而推动建设和平与合作的地区体系文化。本文以中国、东盟与东亚合作为案例对假设进行了验证。     

澳大利亚对中国崛起的认知与反应

澳大利亚是亚太地区具有独特地位的中等强国。近年来,中国与澳大利亚的关系,特别是经济领域的互利合作关系发展迅速。随着中国和平崛起势头持续发展,中澳关系出现了一些波折。本文拟从中澳关系的基本情况入手,重点从澳大利亚学术界对中国崛起的认识、澳大利亚公众及媒体对中国崛起的反应、以及澳大利亚政府对中国的政策等三个方面,综合分析澳大利亚对中国崛起的认知与反应。