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121.
Emmerich Tálos 《Politische Vierteljahresschrift》2004,45(2):213-236
In comparative analysis of welfare states, there is a consensus that mature welfare state systems have been confronted, for some considerable time, with substantial pressure towards re-structuring and that, as a result, they actually have undertaken several and varied modifications. This articles aims at exploring and analysing these developments in Austria and Germany from a comparative point of view. The analysis concentrates on two vital fields of social policy: old-age insurance and unemployment insurance. Especially in respect of the development of social policy and regarding important characteristics of the two welfare state systems, both countries traditionally show a large degree of resemblance to each other. Many similarities remained to exist during the phase of growing pressures on the welfare state, whereas at the same time it is evident that differences between the two countries increased. The respective actual developments will be interpreted in the light of corresponding theories of comparative welfare state research and classified as gradual and structural changes. 相似文献
122.
Social Choice and the Grammar of Rights and Freedoms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Keith Dowding 《Political studies》2004,52(1):144-161
The techniques of social choice and game theory are increasingly being used to analyse concepts in political theory. Although these techniques may prove invaluable for teasing out contradictory formulations, puzzles and problems with traditional concepts, formal writers often begin their analysis with simplistic intuitive accounts rather than building on earlier traditions in analytic political theory. This is no more obvious than with the social-choice and game-theory analysis of rights and freedoms. This paper reviews these approaches and demonstrates that by ignoring the grammar of rights and freedoms, social-choice and game-theory analysis goes wrong from the very beginning. Formal writers need to take more account of the history of their subject, as developed in the analytic theory tradition. 相似文献
123.
Charles T. Clotfelter Helen F. Ladd Jacob L. Vigdor Roger Aliaga Diaz 《Journal of policy analysis and management》2004,23(2):251-271
Administrative data from North Carolina are used to explore the extent to which that state's relatively sophisticated school‐based accountability system has exacerbated the challenges that schools serving low‐performing students face in retaining and attracting high‐quality teachers. Most clear are the adverse effects on retention rates, and hence on teacher turnover, in such schools. Less clear is the extent to which that higher turnover has translated into a decline in the average qualifications of the teachers in the low‐performing schools. Other states with more primitive accountability systems can expect even greater adverse effects on teacher turnover in low‐performing schools. © 2004 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management. 相似文献
124.
Advocates of regulatory relief propose a budget that would annually cap regulatory costs. But emulating fiscal budgeting would be much more difficult than they envision. An arbitrary macrobudgetary constraint would have to be selected, and the potential scope of the regulatory budget would be vast. The process of regulatory budgeting would be very-time consuming, and could increase micromanagement by the Congress. Estimating regulatory costs would be challenging, and ignoring regulatory benefits would be unfair and inefficient. A preferable alternative to regulatory budgeting would be to expand the Government Performance and Results Act to include cost-effectiveness reviews for regulations. 相似文献
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126.
Local Context and Democratization in Mexico 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
While democratization is often seen as a national-level process, we argue that there is important scope for local effects. Through analysis of Mexican public opinion data collected on the eve of that country's historic 2000 elections, we demonstrate that local context greatly affects evaluations of the legitimacy of the system, and these evaluations, in turn, help to shape the willingness of citizens to engage with the system. Citizens are more willing to participate in politics if they think the process is fair, and direct evidence of the fairness of the system is provided by the local political context. This local connection, then, becomes critical in the process of individuals becoming, in Almond and Verba's classic term, "participatory" citizens (1963). 相似文献
127.
World Risk Society and War Against Terror 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Keith Spence 《Political studies》2005,53(2):284-302
I interpret the 'war against terror', declared following September 11 2001, as adopting concepts drawn from the work of Ulrich Beck, as a projection of world risk society. Despite its global character, war against terror is constructed through outmoded vocabularies of national security and sovereignty, within which the reasoned negotiation of risk is marginalized. This exclusion contributes to the intensification rather than reduction of terror and terrorism. In so doing the moment of violence inscribed within the concept of the political resurfaces in the constitution of war against terror, Homeland Security, and the identities and anxieties that they reproduce. Contrary to Slavoj Žižek's claim that risk society is incapable of resolving the dilemmas that it exposes, Beck's approach cuts across established ideological and methodological boundaries, anticipating key transformations of discourse required to address the prevailing global predicament through the vocabularies and logic of cosmopolitan risk, rather than those of absolute security, terror and war. 相似文献
128.
129.
Self-Rated Pubertal Development,Depressive Symptoms and Delinquency: Measurement Issues and Moderation by Gender and Maltreatment 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sonya Negriff Michelle T. Fung Penelope K. Trickett 《Journal of youth and adolescence》2008,37(6):736-746
This cross-sectional study examined relationships between pubertal development, depressive symptoms and delinquency in a sample
of 241 males and 213 females aged 9–13 years. Four objectives were set forth for this study: (1) to examine relationships
between pubertal stage or timing and depressive symptoms and delinquency; (2) to compare continuous and categorical measures
of pubertal timing; (3) to examine gender as a moderator of these relationships, and (4) to examine maltreatment as a moderator
of these relationships. Results indicated that mature pubertal stage and early (continuous) pubertal timing were both related
to higher delinquency whereas only early pubertal timing was related to depressive symptoms. Categorical timing was not related
to depressive symptoms or delinquency. Neither gender nor maltreatment were found to be moderators. These findings provide
evidence against equating pubertal stage, continuous timing, and categorical timing, and highlight the need to identify possible
moderators in research on pubertal development.
相似文献
Penelope K. TrickettEmail: |
130.