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81.
This article contends that routine activity theory has virtually ignored the motivated offender construct in terms of its
measurement. We extend previous research testing routine activity theory by more accurately modeling the effects of labor
market segmentation and other structural sources of offender motivation on variation in crime rates. A revised routine activity
model is tested using data for the 100 largest cities in the US in 1980. The findings suggest that as secondary labor markets
grow, urban crime can be expected to rise. 相似文献
82.
Kevin Theakston 《Public administration》1997,75(4):651-667
The article discusses (1) the uses, advantages and drawbacks of the biographical approach in the study of public administration and (2) the application of theories of leadership to senior British civil servants. The argument is advanced that biographical case studies - looking at the personal qualities, careers and achievements of top mandarins - can illuminate the exercise of leadership in Whitehall and the changing role and culture of the civil service. 相似文献
83.
Two groups of parents were tracked for 2 years following their divorce: a group of 89 who attended a mandatory divorce education class and a comparison group of 23 who did not. The two groups did not differ in any assessed demographic or family characteristics. At the follow-up assessment, the parents who attended the class had relitigated (over all issues) less than half as often than those who had not attended the class (1.61 vs. 3.74). Moreover, rate of relitigation was related to mastery of skills learned in the class. The results are discussed in terms of the needs for outcome evaluation and design of education programs for divorcing parents. 相似文献
84.
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87.
Kevin N. Wright 《Journal of criminal justice》1981,9(3):209-218
A pervasive interest in the creation of a monolithic system for the administration of justice which is characterized by the lack of fragmentation and goal conflict is found throughout the criminal justice literature. This paper questions the basis and desirability of such a proposal. It is argued that criminal justice exists in a sociopolitical environment in which diverse groups exercise influence in accordance with their own interests. For this reason, it is highly unlikely that a single set of values could be identified upon which to base a monolithic system. It is further argued that goal conflict within criminal justice is desirable in that different interests can be reflected, there is a basis for system adaptation and change, and the system can better promote the smooth processing of offenders. 相似文献
88.
Kevin T. Jackson 《Law and Philosophy》1993,12(2):157-192
This article asks whether a “law-as-integrity” approach to human rights adjudication provides a theoretical framework within
which to make sense of authoritative regional interpretations of basic human rights for the global community. To focus analysis,
I consider U.S. court interpretations of international human rights as an interpretive context. I argue that, with appropriate
modification so as to include the world community as a “community of principle” for purposes of human rights adjudication,
the law-as-integrity perspective permits disputes surrounding the legality of human rights to revolve around competing interpretive
claims backed up by justifying legal theories, rather than as ideological battles external to a juridical philosophy of rights. 相似文献
89.
Although previous literature focusing on perceptions of victims of rape has examined how gender, race, and culture influence the attitudes one holds toward victims, these studies have yielded mixed results. This study compared perceptions of victims of rape across a wide range of ages, educational backgrounds, religions, and income levels, while focusing on gender and racial differences. Results indicate (N = 220) that victims of rape are generally viewed more sympathetically by females than by males and by Whites than by African Americans. However, the effect of race disappears when socioeconomic variables are controlled, suggesting a more complex relationship. Also, a hierarchical regression indicates that age, sex, education, and income are significant predictors of attitudes toward victims. This study builds on existing research that examines such attitudes from a cultural perspective and extends this literature by examining the interactive effects of several demographic variables within a community sample. 相似文献
90.
Victimization incidence rates produced from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) are a generally accepted annual
indicator of the amount and type of crime in the United States. However, persons who report a large number of similar victimizations—known
as series victimizations in the NCVS—are currently excluded in government reports of annual violent victimizations. This paper
quantifies the effect of series incident counting procedures on national estimates of violent victimization. The findings
suggest that these high-volume repeat victims can have a significant impact on the magnitude and distribution of violent victimization.
Current government counting rules that exclude series incidents do not include about three out of every five violent victimizations
and distorts the characterization and risk of violence in the United States. However, the inclusion of series incidents introduces
significant estimate instability. One remedy is to use prevalence rates in concert with incidence rates to present a more
complete and reliable picture of victimization.
相似文献
Michael PlantyEmail: |