Schneeeinbringung in Gewässer,Zuständigkeit der Wasserrechtsbehörde

Der Begriff "Stoffe" im § 3 Abs 1 Z 1 AWG 2002 umfasst auch Schnee. Die Einbringung von Schnee in ein Gew?sser f?llt daher unter die Ausnahmebestimmung des § 3 Abs 1 Z 1 AWG 2002. Zur Bewilligung einer solchen Einbringung ist die Wasserrechtsbeh?rde zust?ndig.     

Interactional Aspects of Intimate Partner Violence Result in Different Help-Seeking Behaviors in a Representative Sample of Women

This article reports a study of the possible impact of sociodemographic and interactional aspects of intimate partner violence (IPV) on help-seeking behavior. Do different sociodemographic groups of IPV survivors use different professional supports and treatments? Do different professional support and treatment agencies come predominantly in contact with women who have been subjected to different characteristics of IPV? Do different interactional IPV variables predict whether IPV victims contact the police, a family doctor, or a psychologist or psychiatrist? A representative sample of 157 women recruited from family counseling, the police, and shelters in Norway was interviewed. Three of seven sociodemographic variables showed statistically significant differences among the recruitment groups. No significant differences in characteristics of IPV were found among the recruitment groups. However, there were significant differences between the main categories (physical, psychological, and sexual) of IPV and interactional IPV factors concerning help-seeking. Our findings indicate that the help-seeking of IPV survivors is differentiated and interaction-specific and that they respond adequately to the different interactional consequences of IPV.     

Zwangsstrafe,Sachwalter

Die Verh?ngung einer Zwangsstrafe nach § 5 Abs 1 VVG setzt voraus, dass die Person, gegen die das Zwangsmittel gerichtet ist, überhaupt f?hig ist, einen rechtserheblichen Willen zu bilden, der durch die Verh?ngung des Zwangsmittels beeinflusst werden soll. Ist der Beh?rde die Besachwalterung einer Person für die Vertretung vor Gerichten, Beh?rden, Dienststellen und Sozialversicherungstr?gern, für die Verwaltung von Einkünften, Verm?gen und Verbindlichkeiten sowie für die Vertretung bei Rechtsgesch?ften, die über Gesch?fte des t?glichen Lebens hinausgehen, bekannt, kann sie nicht vertretbar davon ausgehen, dass die betreffende Person f?hig ist, einen rechtserheblichen Willen zu bilden, der durch eine Zwangsstrafe beeinflusst werden kann. Die Auffassung der Beh?rde, der Sachwalter h?tte "aktiv werden müssen und zB am Aufenthaltsort der Berufungswerberin Nachschau nach dem Führerschein halten müssen", übersieht, dass die gegen die Beschwerdeführerin gerichtete Zwangsstrafe – ungeachtet der Zustellung des Bescheides an den Sachwalter – auf eine Willensbeugung der Beschwerdeführerin und nicht auf ein T?tigwerden des Sachwalters gerichtet war.     

Application of the Iscan method to two- and three-dimensional imaging of the sternal end of the right fourth rib

Age determination is a major field of interest in physical and forensic anthropology. Among the different methods based on macroscopic skeletal study, the Iscan method, which analyzes the sternal end of the right fourth rib, is one of the most reliable. We applied the Iscan method to two- and three-dimensional multislice computed tomography (MSCT) reconstructions of the sternal end of the right fourth rib on 39 ribs. The intra-observer variability on MSCT reconstructions was good (gamma coefficient equal to 0.86; value of the Krippendorff's alpha reliability equal to 0.79); inter-observer variability on MSCT reconstructions was also good (gamma coefficient ranging from 0.82 to 0.88; value of the Krippendorff's alpha reliability ranging from 0.78 to 0.86). We demonstrated excellent agreement between the results of analysis of bone samples and those of the two- and three-dimensional images, in particular regarding bone projections, morphology of the pit and of its rim. The accuracy of age estimation did not significantly differ between the Iscan method applied to dry bones and the same method applied to MSCT images. Determination of the Krippendorff's alpha reliability coefficient for the inter-error method confirmed the agreement between phase estimations obtained with the two methods (ranging from 0.55 to 0.71). The real civil age was comprised in 21 cases out of 36 for assessment performed on dry bones and in 23 cases out of 36 on MSCT reconstructions, which represented 58.3% and 63.9%, respectively. Use of MSCT reconstructions in forensic anthropology offers many advantages: no bone preparation, no damage to bone material, and the possibility of application to living individuals.     

A Semi-Parametric Spatial Regression Approach to Post-War Human Security: Cambodia, 2002–2004

Human security in post-war societies depends on incentives to forego violence in local interactions. The government of Cambodia monitors domestic violence, land conflicts and serious crime in over 13,000 villages and urban neighbourhoods. We use three annual data collections to estimate the response of these conflicts to the legacy of the war, poverty and resource competition, urbanity as well as governance quality. Bayesian spatial regressions help identify socio-economic thresholds beyond which conflicts expand or contract significantly. We find numerous non-linearities in the propensities for violence. Notably, predicted rates decrease in response to quality of governance only at a high level of service provision, which, realistically, most communities may not soon achieve. This may justify dedicated programmes addressing particular types of conflicts. We propose alternative analytic approaches, including some that would make the problem of endogeneity more tractable once updated poverty estimates become available. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Screening of myocardial contraction bands: a comparison between two histological staining methods.

Two histological stains for demonstration of contraction bands (cb): Mallory's phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH) and a modification of luxol fast blue (LFB) were compared. Microscopical sections from hearts from 60 autopsies were screened. The regional distribution of the cb lesions was also studied. It was found that PTAH showed cb more consistently than LFB. None of the stains were suitable for screening in the lowest magnification. In cases of cardiac death the cb were often extensive and scattered throughout the myocardium. In non-cardiac deaths with cb these were always discrete and seen only in one location which might be a means of differentiating lesions of pathogenetic importance from agonal ones.     

Order authorizing termination of certain life support systems

An elderly, severely brain-damaged patient was being ventilated and given nutrition and antibiotics intravenously in a medical center's critical care unit. Her legal guardian requested authorization to order that the respirator be withdrawn and the administration of nutrition and antibiotics be stopped. A Missouri circuit court ruled that, while public policy, as evidenced in the state's living will statute, permitted withdrawing the respirator, it apparently precluded withholding or withdrawing nutrition, hydration, or antibiotics.     

Three Forms of Interpersonal Trust: Evidence from Swedish Municipalities

Social trust is usually treated as a dichotomy between particularized and generalized trust. In this article it is argued that a third distinct form, community trust, is neither particularized nor generalized and bounded in space rather than persons. Factor analysis of survey data from 33 Swedish municipalities (N = 6,453) distinguishes between particularized, generalized and community trust. Furthermore, regression analyses show that the three trust forms have partly distinct antecedents and linked to different types of behaviours. While generalized trust best predicts leaps of faith in relation to strangers, community trust is the only trust form significantly predicting taking part in local problem solving. Finally, multilevel analysis shows that community trust is the trust form most vulnerable to changes with respect to ethnic diversity and socioeconomic equality.     

Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Movers Scale in a French-Canadian Population

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a study that draws upon a collaborative research strategy and has two main objectives: 1) Translating and adapting into French the Measure of Victim Empowerment Related to Safety (MOVERS scale) (Goodman et al. Psychology of Violence, 5(4), 355-366, 2015a); 2) Validating the French version of the MOVERS scale in a population of French-Canadian women receiving shelter services. The French-Canadian MOVERS (FCM) was administered to 189 women receiving shelter services in the province of Québec (Canada). The factorial structure, reliability and validity of the FCM were tested. This paper highlights that the FCM replicates the three dimensions found in the original version (Goodman et al. Psychology of Violence, 5(4), 355-366, 2015a), displays significant correlations with measures of depression, anxiety and stress, self-esteem, perceived social support, satisfaction with life and self-efficacy, and has overall good reliability estimates. The FCM is a valid and reliable scale to assess safety-related empowerment among women receiving shelter services. Furthermore, the scale provides interesting opportunities to shelter workers, which will be discussed in the paper.